Directions 4
Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the table,
2. suggest possible solutions to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
國家 大學(xué)年平均學(xué)費(fèi) 國民人均年收入 比值
美國 4，700美元 35，000美元 1/8
英國 1，500英鎊 15，000英鎊 1/10
中國 7，500元 7，500元 1
審題：
在審題的環(huán)節(jié)中，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)將讀圖表（圖畫）和看提綱有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來。有的時(shí)候，提綱中會(huì)把文章的主題直接給出來，這時(shí)我們文章的整體布局就會(huì)容易得多。在這道題的提綱中，就出現(xiàn)了“中國大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)沉重的問題”的字樣，這就是該文的主題，我們的文章應(yīng)該圍繞它展開。
Sample:
From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has received more and more concern from all over the country.
In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost, it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education. We need to cut down the staff in universities, most of whom now have a disproportionately large number of administrators. The now widespread corruption should also be eliminated in universities, such as unnecessary tours and banquets at public expense. Moreover, much importance should be attached to the reform of management system of higher education. The national government should not only increase financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money.
To sum up, it is high time to pay enough attention to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in our country, and to solve it a comprehensive educational reform is essential.
點(diǎn)評：
該文共分三段，第一段是描述表格，第二段是給出解決辦法，第三段是總結(jié)。
第一段是對表格進(jìn)行描述——這時(shí)我們不一定要把每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)都描述出來，而是要抓住問題的關(guān)鍵。這個(gè)表格的關(guān)鍵就是體現(xiàn)我國大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)太高，依據(jù)就是學(xué)費(fèi)與國民人均年收入之比。美國與英國處于差不多的水平，所以放在一起說就可以了。該段共分三句話，第一句將比例描述出來，第二句作出比較——中國家庭負(fù)擔(dān)的大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)是英美國家的十倍之多。第三句進(jìn)一步說明我國大部分家庭感覺負(fù)擔(dān)較重，有些家庭根本就負(fù)擔(dān)不起。
第二段提出解決辦法，第一句是模板句，之后分兩方面來說。第一方面說的是減少高等教育的成本，分為兩個(gè)方面，一是減員增效，二是消除腐敗。第二方面說的是高教管理體制的改革。國家應(yīng)加強(qiáng)高等教育的投資，并合理配置這些資金。
最后一段是總結(jié)，說解決大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)成為沉重負(fù)擔(dān)問題正值其時(shí)，全面改革勢在必行。
心得：
提綱中如果出現(xiàn)文章主題，一定要把握住，這直接決定了文章的謀篇布局。
描述圖表時(shí)不一定要面面俱到，只要抓住重點(diǎn)即可。
寫原因或解決辦法的段落時(shí)條理一定要清楚，一般分為三點(diǎn)（也有兩點(diǎn)或四點(diǎn)的情況），不一定是權(quán)威的解釋，我們并非是專門研究該問題的專家，閱卷老師也不會(huì)太苛求，只要符合情理即可。關(guān)鍵是語言表達(dá)一定要準(zhǔn)確，如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。
Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the table,
2. suggest possible solutions to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
國家 大學(xué)年平均學(xué)費(fèi) 國民人均年收入 比值
美國 4，700美元 35，000美元 1/8
英國 1，500英鎊 15，000英鎊 1/10
中國 7，500元 7，500元 1
審題：
在審題的環(huán)節(jié)中，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)將讀圖表（圖畫）和看提綱有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來。有的時(shí)候，提綱中會(huì)把文章的主題直接給出來，這時(shí)我們文章的整體布局就會(huì)容易得多。在這道題的提綱中，就出現(xiàn)了“中國大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)沉重的問題”的字樣，這就是該文的主題，我們的文章應(yīng)該圍繞它展開。
Sample:
From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has received more and more concern from all over the country.
In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost, it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education. We need to cut down the staff in universities, most of whom now have a disproportionately large number of administrators. The now widespread corruption should also be eliminated in universities, such as unnecessary tours and banquets at public expense. Moreover, much importance should be attached to the reform of management system of higher education. The national government should not only increase financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money.
To sum up, it is high time to pay enough attention to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in our country, and to solve it a comprehensive educational reform is essential.
點(diǎn)評：
該文共分三段，第一段是描述表格，第二段是給出解決辦法，第三段是總結(jié)。
第一段是對表格進(jìn)行描述——這時(shí)我們不一定要把每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)都描述出來，而是要抓住問題的關(guān)鍵。這個(gè)表格的關(guān)鍵就是體現(xiàn)我國大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)太高，依據(jù)就是學(xué)費(fèi)與國民人均年收入之比。美國與英國處于差不多的水平，所以放在一起說就可以了。該段共分三句話，第一句將比例描述出來，第二句作出比較——中國家庭負(fù)擔(dān)的大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)是英美國家的十倍之多。第三句進(jìn)一步說明我國大部分家庭感覺負(fù)擔(dān)較重，有些家庭根本就負(fù)擔(dān)不起。
第二段提出解決辦法，第一句是模板句，之后分兩方面來說。第一方面說的是減少高等教育的成本，分為兩個(gè)方面，一是減員增效，二是消除腐敗。第二方面說的是高教管理體制的改革。國家應(yīng)加強(qiáng)高等教育的投資，并合理配置這些資金。
最后一段是總結(jié)，說解決大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)成為沉重負(fù)擔(dān)問題正值其時(shí)，全面改革勢在必行。
心得：
提綱中如果出現(xiàn)文章主題，一定要把握住，這直接決定了文章的謀篇布局。
描述圖表時(shí)不一定要面面俱到，只要抓住重點(diǎn)即可。
寫原因或解決辦法的段落時(shí)條理一定要清楚，一般分為三點(diǎn)（也有兩點(diǎn)或四點(diǎn)的情況），不一定是權(quán)威的解釋，我們并非是專門研究該問題的專家，閱卷老師也不會(huì)太苛求，只要符合情理即可。關(guān)鍵是語言表達(dá)一定要準(zhǔn)確，如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。
