Lesson 39 Am I all right?我是否痊愈?
First listen and then answer the question.聽錄音,然后回答以下問題。
Why did Mr. Gilbert telephone Dr. Millington?
While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so. The following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient. 'No,' the patient answered, 'I am Mr. John Gilbert.'
參考譯文
當約翰.吉爾伯特住院的時候,他問醫生他的手術是否成功,但醫生拒絕告訴他。第二天,這位病人要了一部床頭電話。當房里只剩他一個人時,他接通了醫院的交 換臺,要求與米靈頓醫生講話。當這位醫生接過電話時,吉爾伯特先生說他想詢問一個病人的情況,是一位名叫約翰.吉爾伯特的先生。他問吉爾伯特先生的手術中 否成功,醫生告訴他手術很成功。然后他又問吉爾伯特先生什么時候可以回家,醫生說他在醫院還必須再住上兩個星期。之后,米靈頓醫生問打電話的人是否是病人 的親屬。“不是,”病人回答說,“我就是約翰.吉爾伯特先生。”
New words and Expressions生詞和短語
operation
n. 手術
successful
adj. 成功的
following
adj. 下一個
patient
n. 病人
alone
adj. 獨自的
exchange
n. (電話的)交換臺
inquire
v. 詢問,打聽
certain
adj. 某個
caller
n. 打電話的人
relative
n. 親戚
Lesson 39 自學導讀First things first
課文詳注 Further notes on the text1.Am I all right?(標題)我是否痊愈?
all right 在不同的上下文中會有不同的含義。當指人的健康狀況時,它可以表示“安然無恙的”、“良好的”:
I was not very well last week, but I feel all right now.
我上星期有點不舒服,不過我現在覺得好了。
2.… he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so.……他問醫生他的手術是否成功,但醫生拒絕告訴他。
whether引導的從句在句中作動詞 tell 的直接賓語,是一個間接一般疑問句。(cf.本課語法)
so在這里為代詞,代替前面的動詞不定式(在 to tell himwhether…)。它一般出現 believe, do, expect, hope, say, tell, think, appear等之后:
Is it true that John has had an operation?
約翰真的動手術了嗎?
I am afraid so./I believe so./I think so./It seem so.
恐怕是真的。/我相信是真的。/我想是真的。/看來是真的。
3.The following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. 第2天,這位病人要了一部床頭電話。
(1)following 在這里相當于next,表示“緊接著的”、“其次的”。
(2)ask for 在這句話中表示“請求”、“要求(得到某個東西)”;在下一句話(…asked for Doctor Millington)中它表示“要求(某人)來(接電話)”。
4.…Mr.Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient ,a Mr.John Gilbert.……
吉爾伯特先生說他想詢問一個病人的情況,是一位名叫約翰·吉爾伯特的先生。
(1)certain 在這里沒有“肯定的”、“確實的”等含義,而表示“某一”、“某位”,暗指說話者或說話對象可能對這人/這事不大清楚/熟悉,或所指的這個人身份不大清楚:
Many years ago a certain doctor arrived in London.
許多年以前,有某個醫生來到了倫敦。
(2)在第6課的語法中,我們提到姓名前不加冠詞。但是,a/an有時可以用在稱呼(Mr.,Mrs.,Miss等)前面,表示“我不認識的某某人”:
A Mr.Gilbert phoned and left a message for you.
一位姓吉爾伯特的先生給您打來電話并留了言。
這種情況下,a通常與表示“某一”的 certain 連用:
A certain Mrs.Hart is waiting to see you.
有位哈特夫人正等著見您。
5.He then asked when Mr.Gilbert would be allowed to go bome…
然后他又問吉爾伯特先生什么時候可以回家……
would be allowed 為被動語態用于過去將來時。 when引導的從句為間接疑問詞疑問句。(cf.本課語法)
6.for another two weeks,又兩個星期。
another 作為限定詞表示“另一個”、“再一個”的時候,通常與可數的單數名詞連用,不和復數形式連用;但是后面可以跟基數詞/few+復數名詞(它們被當成一個整體):
Do you need another cup of coffee?
你要不要再來一杯咖啡?
I need another three driving lessons before my test.
考試前我還需上3節駕駛課。
I need another few hours before I can finish my homework.
我還需幾個小時才能做完作業。
語法 Grammar in use
間接引語:間接疑問句
在第15課的語法中,我們學習了間接引語的基本形式和間接陳述句的用法(包括時態變化等)。疑問句變為間接疑問句時有一些獨特的規律。
首先引號和問號不再使用。其次,直接疑問句中的倒裝語序在轉述疑問句里要還原為陳述句語序(主語+動詞)。同時,如有必要,還需改變時態。
(1)間接一般疑問句
轉述一般疑問句時必須使用if或 whether,不可省略。助動詞do/does和did在轉述疑問句里消失了:
"Did he go home?"
“他回家了嗎?”
She asked me if/whether he had gone home.
她問我他是否已經回家了。
ask, want to know, wonder 等后面的if和 whether通常可以互換,但是whether表示的懷疑程度比if稍大。
I wonder if/whether he's phoned the doctor.
我不知道他是否給醫生打電話了。
I asked if/whether he'd phoned the doctor,but no one knew.
我問(別人)他是否給大夫打過電話,但沒人知道。
在表示兩者挑一時更常用 whether:
She asked me whether I wanted tea or coffee.
她問我要茶還是要咖啡。
轉述疑問句中帶有or not時,通常用 whether引導:
He wants to know whether or not we want dinner.
他想知道我們想不想吃飯。(不能用if or not)
(2)間接疑問詞疑問句
在轉述疑問詞疑問句時,不加 whether或 if,
通常用原來的疑問詞。有時可以將一般疑問句轉述為間接疑問詞疑問句:
Will she arrive this evening?
她今天晚上會到嗎?
She didn't tell me when she'd arrive.
她沒有告訴我她何時到。
在針對主語提問的間接疑問句中,時態和情態助動詞照常有變化,但語序保持不變:
"Who is in change here?"
“這兒誰負責?”
He wanted to know who was in charge there.
他想知道那兒誰負責。
詞匯學習 Word study
1.exchange
(1)vt.換,更換,調換(指同類事物之間):
If you don't like the colour of this dress, you can exchange the dress in the shop.
你如果不喜歡這件衣服的顏色,你可以去商店換一件。
I want to exchange the red skirt for a blue one.
我想把這條紅裙子換成藍色的。
(2)vt.交換,互換:
I met Frank at a bus stop this afternoon and we exchanged a few words.
我今天下午在一個公共汽車站碰見了弗蘭克,我們聊了幾句。
Did you exchange gifts after the party?
晚會結束后,你們交換禮物了嗎?
(3)n.電話交換臺:
He telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington.
他掛通了醫院的交換臺,要求與米靈頓醫生講話。
2.inquire
(1)vt.,vi.打聽,詢問:
He wanted to inquire about a certain patient.
他想打聽一位病人的情況。
A Mr. John Gilbert inquired your telephone number.
一位名叫約翰·吉爾伯特的先生打聽您的電話號碼。
(2)vi.調查,查問:
He didn't tell the truth when the police inquired into the accident.
當警方調查這次事故時,他沒有說實話。
(3)vi.求見(某人),要找(某人):
She inquired for the manager.
她想見經理。
Who are you inquiring for?
你找誰?
Lesson 39 課后練習和答案Exercises and Answer



