新冠疫情促使非洲網購加速發展

相比中國和許多其他國家，非洲的電商平臺起步晚，發展落后。今天小編給大家帶來了新冠疫情促使非洲網購加速發展，希望可以幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

新冠疫情促使非洲網購加速發展

The pandemic could be a turning point for online shopping in Africa

Covid-19 has brought untold hardship to Africa, but lockdowns are also driving a move to online shopping in a continent where it has been slow to take off.

新冠肺炎疫情給非洲帶去了數不清的苦難，但是封鎖也推動了起步較晚的網購在非洲大陸上的發展。

untold [??n?to?ld]: adj. 數不清的;無限的

The whole of Africa had only around 21 million online shoppers in 2017 — about the same number as Spain. That's less than 2% of the world's total, according to the latest UN data.

根據聯合國最新的數據，2017年整個非洲只有大約2100萬網購者，相當于西班牙的網購人數，還不到世界網購總人數的2%。

Covid-19 had infected more than 260,000 people in Africa, as of June 18, and lockdown restrictions have forced many open-air markets and retailers to shut, with consumers being told to stay at home. In response, digital entrepreneurs across the continent have launched new services for ordering and delivering supplies.

截至6月18日，新冠病毒已經感染了非洲超26萬人，封鎖限制措施迫使很多露天市場和零售店關門，消費者被告知待在家里。對此非洲各地的電商推出了訂購和送貨的新服務。

"E-commerce has been a turnkey solution," Torbj?rn Fredriksson, head of e-commerce and digital economy at the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), tells CNN Business. It has enabled "supply chains to continue to function and to get food from farms to tables," he adds.

聯合國貿易與發展會議電子商務和數字經濟處處長托本·弗萊德瑞克遜告訴美國有線電視新聞網商業頻道說：“電子商務是解決問題的一把鑰匙。”他補充道，電子商務讓“供應鏈繼續運轉，把食物從農民那里運送到餐桌上。”

網店的興起

Farmcrowdy began life in 2016 as a digital platform providing small farmers across Nigeria with access to finance and support. But in April, it launched Farmcrowdy Foods, an online store where people can buy fresh food from farmers.

數字化平臺Farmcrowdy于2016年創立，向尼日利亞各地的小農戶提供資金和支持。但是在今年四月，該平臺推出了網店Farmcrowdy Foods，人們可以通過這家網店從農民那里買到新鮮食物。

Kenneth Obiajulu, the company's managing director, told CNN Business that it started developing the marketplace model in 2019, but decided to fast track the launch as Nigeria's lockdown made it difficult for farmers to sell produce.

該公司的總經理肯尼斯·歐比亞由路告訴美國有線電視新聞網商業頻道稱，該公司從2019年開始開發市場模式，但是在尼日利亞的封鎖措施使得農民難以賣掉農產品后決定快速推進這一模式。

Through the food platform, Farmcrowdy collects produce from its network of more than 25,000 farmers situated in the rural north of the country, before transporting it to storage facilities in the south, near Lagos, where there is most demand.

通過他們的食品平臺，Farmcrowdy從尼日利亞北部鄉村的2.5萬多名農民那里收購農產品，然后將其運送到需求量最大的拉各斯附近的南部地區倉庫。

"We list all the produce that we have sourced directly from the farmers. Then individuals can order it and get it delivered to their homes," says Obiajulu. Since launching, during what it describes as a pilot phase with limited marketing, it has received more than 2,000 orders via its hotline, WhatsApp and mobile app.

歐比亞由路說：“我們在平臺上列出了所有直接從農民那里收購的農產品。然后個體消費者就可以訂購，讓我們送貨上門。”自從推出該平臺以來，在所謂的有限營銷的試運行階段，已經通過熱線電話、WhatsApp應用和其他手機應用接收到了2000多張訂單。

Nigerian startup Flutterwave, which began as a digital payments company, also launched an online marketplace in April, where businesses can set up a storefront on the platform and list and sell their goods. The service is now available in 15 African countries.

尼日利亞的初創企業Flutterwave在創立初期是一家電子支付公司，在今年四月也推出了網上商城，企業可以在該平臺上建立網店，展示并銷售自己的商品。目前該服務面向15個非洲國家開放。

Olugbenga Agboola, the company's founder, told CNN Business in May that the online store was created as a lifeline for small companies that have been closed during lockdowns, and that more than 1,000 businesses had signed up to sell products.

該公司的創始人歐路格本噶·阿哥布拉五月份告訴美國有線電視新聞網商業頻道說，網店是許多在封鎖期間關門的小公司的一條生命線，目前已有超1000家企業在該平臺注冊了網店銷售產品。

Jumia, one of the continent's largest e-commerce operators, reported a four-fold increase in sales of groceries in the second-half of March, compared with the same period last year — although its food delivery service was impacted by restaurants shutting down.

非洲大陸最大的電子商務運營商之一Jumia報告稱三月下半月的百貨銷量同比增長了四倍——不過其送餐服務受到了餐廳關門的影響。

A worker of the Jumia warehouse walks between shelves in Lagos, Nigeria January 20, 2020. Picture taken January 20, 2020. REUTERS/Temilade Adelaja

消費習慣的改變

Starting from a low base, e-commerce in Africa was on the rise before the pandemic. According to UNCTAD, the number of online shoppers on the continent has grown by 21% annually since 2014, higher than the world's average growth rate of 12%. The launch of new platforms in response to Covid-19 has accelerated this growth, says Fredriksson.

盡管起步較低，但非洲的電子商務在疫情暴發前就呈上升的發展趨勢。根據聯合國貿易與發展會議的數據，自2014年以來，非洲大陸網購人數每年平均增長21%，高于世界平均增長率12%。弗萊德瑞克遜表示，因疫情而興起的新平臺加速了網購的增長。

A recent study from market research firm Nielsen found that around 30% of online consumers in Nigeria, South Africa and Kenya shopped more online during the lockdown period.

市場調研公司尼爾森的一項新研究發現，尼日利亞、南非和肯尼亞約有30%的網購消費者在封鎖期間消費量增加了。

Packages set for delivery are seen at the Jumia warehouse in Lagos, Nigeria January 20, 2020. Picture taken January 20, 2020. REUTERS/Temilade Adelaja

But Fredriksson warns that it won't all be plain sailing. "The shift to online platforms and services is far from automatic in Africa," he says, adding that many countries lag in terms of broadband access, transport and infrastructure.

但是弗萊德瑞克遜警告稱，網購的發展不會一帆風順。他說：“向網上平臺和服務的轉變不會在非洲自動完成。”他補充道，許多非洲國家在寬帶覆蓋率、交通和基礎設施方面都很落后。

The biggest hurdle is gaining consumer trust, says Obiajulu. But the pandemic could be the turning point.

歐比亞由路說，最大的障礙就是獲取消費者的信任。但是大流行病可能是轉折點。

"Individuals won't be buying the same way as they used to before," he says. "People are becoming comfortable with the fact that they don't need to step into the market to get what they need to eat. We are positioning ourselves for that new normal."

“個體消費者不會再像過去那樣購物，”他說，“人們正逐漸接受一個事實：他們無需走進市場也能獲得他們需要的食物。我們正在適應這個新常態。”

疫情反彈 美國連續兩天單日新增確診病例超3萬

US reports more than 30,000 coronavirus cases two days straight, the highest number since May 1

highest daily totals since May 1, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.

根據美國約翰斯·霍普金斯大學統計的數據，上周五和周六(6月19日和20日)，美國新增新冠肺炎確診病例均超過3萬例，創下了5月1日以來的單日新增病例最高紀錄。

New cases are rising in states across the South, West and Midwest. Seven states hit record cases on Saturday, including Florida and South Carolina, which had their third consecutive day breaking single-day records.

美國南部、西部和中西部各州新增確診病例不斷增加。包括佛羅里達州和南卡羅來納州在內的7個州在6月20日創下了新的新增病例紀錄，這是這幾個州連續第三天打破單日新增病例紀錄。

Florida reported 4,049 new cases on Saturday and South Carolina reported 1,157 new cases. Missouri and Nevada also hit records, reporting 389 cases and 445 cases. Montana, Utah and Arizona also hit records.

6月20日，佛羅里達州報告新增確診病例4049例，南卡羅來納州報告新增確診病例1157例。密蘇里州和內華達州新增確診病例數量也創下了紀錄，分別報告了389例和445例。蒙大拿州、猶他州和亞利桑那州新增確診病例也創下了紀錄。

Twenty-three states, Guam and the US Virgin Islands have seen an increase in coronavirus cases over the past two weeks, according to NBC News. Six states have seen new cases plateau during that same period. Twenty states, Washington D.C. and Puerto Rico have seen coronavirus cases decrease over the past 14 days.

據美國全國廣播公司新聞頻道報道，過去兩周，美國23個州、關島和美屬維爾京群島的新冠肺炎新增確診病例有所增加。在同一時期，有六個州的新增病例數量與之前持平，美國20個州、華盛頓特區和美屬波多黎各的新增確診病例數量有所減少。

Officials are warning that some clusters of infections are apparent among younger people who are crowding bars and parties.

官員們警告說，聚在一起泡酒吧和開派對的年輕人中聚集性感染很明顯。

The resurgence of the virus across the US comes as states re-open economies after months of lockdowns and people return to normal activities, some of whom do not follow social distancing guidelines and do not wear masks to curb the spread of the virus.

隨著美國各州在數月的封鎖后重新開放經濟，人們恢復正常活動，其中一些人不遵守社交距離規定，也不戴口罩來遏制病毒的傳播，使得美國各地疫情出現反彈。

US President Donald Trump speaks at a campaign rally in Charlotte, North Carolina, US, March 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]New daily cases in the US appeared to be going down throughout May into early June, but ticked up when states re-opened.

從5月到6月初，美國每日新增確診病例呈下降趨勢，但在各州重新開放后又有所回升。

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention forecasts between 129,000 and 145,000 total reported Covid-19 deaths by July 11. Since the start of the outbreak, more than 2.2 million people in the US have been infected with the coronavirus and at least 119,949 people have died.

美國疾病控制與預防中心預測稱，截至7月11日，美國新冠肺炎死亡人數將在12.9萬至14.5萬之間。自疫情暴發以來，美國已有超過220萬人感染新冠病毒，至少11萬9949人死亡。

The CDC also expanded its list of states where coronavirus related deaths are expected to accelerate over the next four weeks compared with the past four weeks, which includes Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Hawaii, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina and Utah.

美國疾病控制與預防中心預計，未來四周新冠肺炎死亡人數增加的州范圍將擴大至阿拉斯加州、亞利桑那州、阿肯色州、夏威夷州、北卡羅來納州、俄勒岡州、南卡羅來納州和猶他州。

In Tulsa, Oklahoma, people gathered for President Donald Trump’s rally Saturday evening, as the state experiences a continued increase in cases. Pictures show many attendees without face masks, which are not required at the rally. Attendance was lower than expected.

在俄克拉荷馬州的塔爾薩，人們在6月20日晚上聚集在一起參加特朗普總統的競選集會，該州的確診病例持續增加。從現場照片中可以看出，許多與會者沒有戴口罩，而在集會上并不要求戴口罩。參加集會的人數低于預期。

Six members of Trump’s team who were working on the Tulsa rally tested positive for the coronavirus, according to a statement from the president’s campaign.

根據特朗普競選團隊的一份聲明，參加塔爾薩集會的六名團隊成員新冠病毒檢測呈陽性。

There are no FDA-approved drugs to treat the coronavirus. The National Institutes of Health said on Saturday that it halted a clinical trial of malaria drug hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 patients, saying it had no benefits.

美國食品藥品監督管理局尚未批準任何治療新冠肺炎的藥物。上周六(6月20日)，美國國家衛生研究院表示，已停止抗瘧藥物羥氯喹用于治療新冠肺炎患者的臨床試驗，稱其沒有任何療效。

【美國疫情最新數據】

據美國約翰斯·霍普金斯大學實時數據顯示，截至北京時間6月22日7時30分，美國新冠肺炎確診病例達227萬5319例，死亡病例達11萬9949例。

廁紙終于不用搶了 但是美國的硬幣卻告急了

The latest pandemic shortage: Coins are the new toilet paper

Just as supplies of toilet paper are finally getting back to normal, the coronavirus has triggered another shortage of something we typically take for granted: pocket change.

就在衛生紙供應總算恢復正常時，新冠肺炎疫情卻引發了另一種我們想當然的東西短缺：零錢。

Banks around the US are running low on nickels, dimes, quarters and even pennies. And the Federal Reserve, which supplies banks, has been forced to ration scarce supplies.

美國各地銀行的五分硬幣、十分硬幣、兩角五分硬幣甚至還有一分硬幣都出現短缺。給銀行供應貨幣的美聯儲被迫限額配給稀缺硬幣。

"It was just a surprise," said Gay Dempsey, who runs the Bank of Lincoln County in Tennessee, when she learned of the rationing order. "Nobody was expecting it."

美國田納西州林肯縣銀行的行長蓋伊·鄧普賽聽說配額令后表示：“真是讓人驚訝。沒有人料到會這樣。”

Dempsey's bank typically dispenses 400 to 500 rolls of pennies each week. Under the rationing order, her allotment was cut down to just 100 rolls, with similar cutbacks in nickels, dimes and quarters.

鄧普賽的銀行通常每周要發放400到500卷一分硬幣。在配額令下，她分配到的一分硬幣降到只有100卷，分配到的五分硬幣、十分硬幣和兩角五分硬幣也同樣減少了。

That spells trouble for Dempsey's business customers, who need the coins to stock cash registers all around Lincoln County, Tenn.

這對鄧普賽的企業客戶來說意味著麻煩，這些企業客戶需要硬幣來裝滿田納西州林肯縣各地店鋪的現金出納機。

"You think about all your grocery stores and convenience stores and a lot of people that still operate with cash," Dempsey said. "They have to have that just to make change."

鄧普賽說：“想想所有的雜貨店和便利店，還有許多仍然用現金交易的人們。他們需要有硬幣才能找錢。”

Rural banks in particular seem to be getting shortchanged, according to Colin Barrett, CEO of the Tennessee Bankers Association.

田納西州銀行家協會的首席執行官科林·巴瑞特說，鄉村銀行似乎尤其缺少零錢。

Rep. John Rose, R-Tenn., sounded the alarm last week during a hearing before the House Financial Services Committee.

上周田納西州共和黨參議員約翰·羅斯在眾議院金融服務委員會的一次聽證會上敲響了警鐘。

"My fear is that customers who use these banks will react very poorly," Rose said. "And I know that we all don't want to wake up to headlines in the near future such as 'Banks Out of Money.' "

“我擔心的是，這些銀行的客戶反應會很糟。我知道，大家都不想在不久的將來一早醒來，看到‘銀行沒錢了’這種頭條新聞。”

The congressman warned that if businesses are unable to make exact change, they'll be forced to round up or round down, "in a time when pennies are the difference between profitability and loss."

這位參議員警告稱，如果企業無法精確找零，他們將被迫四舍五入，“這可是一個零頭能決定盈利還是虧損的時刻。”

Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell assured Rose that the central bank is monitoring the situation closely.

美聯儲主席杰羅米·鮑威爾向羅斯保證，他表示央行正密切監控這個局面。

"We're working with the mint to increase supply, and we're working with the reserve banks to get that supply where it needs to be," Powell said. "So we think it's a temporary situation."

“我們正在和造幣廠合作增加供應，也在和聯邦儲備銀行合作，向需要的地方供應硬幣。所以我們認為這是個暫時的情況。”

The US Mint produced fewer coins than usual this spring in an effort to protect employees from infection. But the larger problem — as with many other pandemic shortages — is distribution.

為了保護員工不被病毒感染，美國造幣廠今年春天生產的硬幣比往常少。但是和疫情引發的許多其他短缺一樣，發放才是更大的問題。

During the lockdown, many automatic coin-sorting machines that people typically use to cash in loose change were off-limits. And with many businesses closed, unused coins piled up in darkened cash drawers, in pants pockets and on nightstands, even as banks went begging.

在封鎖期間，許多人們通常用來換零錢的硬幣自動分類機被禁止使用。由于許多商店都關門了，大量閑置的硬幣堆在黑暗的現金抽屜、褲子口袋和床頭柜里，而銀行卻在四處討要硬幣。

nightstand[?na?tst?nd]: n. 床頭幾，床頭柜

"The flow of coins through the economy ... kind of stopped," Powell said.

鮑威爾說：“貫穿經濟的硬幣流通……幾乎停止了。”

The Fed chairman stressed that this clog in the financial plumbing should clear quickly, now that businesses are reopening, and that supplies of coins should soon be back to normal.

鮑威爾強調，如今企業正在重新開放，堵住的金融管道應該迅速清理，硬幣的供應應該迅速回歸正常。

In the meantime, Dempsey, the banker, has secured an emergency stash of coins from some of her business customers who run vending machines and laundromats.

與此同時，銀行行長鄧普賽已經從一些經營自動售貨機和自助洗衣店的企業客戶那里獲得了一筆硬幣存貨來應急。

While a growing number of people rely on credit cards or smartphone apps for many transactions today, the coin crunch is a reminder that sometimes you just need change.

盡管越來越多的人依賴信用卡或智能手機應用來交易，這次硬幣告急提醒了人們，有時候你還是需要零錢。

"Cash is still king, I guess," Dempsey mused.

“現金仍然為王，我想，”鄧普賽沉思著說。

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