奧斯卡·王爾德,最偉大的作家與藝術家之一，以其劇作、詩歌、童話和小說聞名。下面是小編為你整理的奧斯卡王爾德英語簡介，希望對你有用!
奧斯卡·王爾德人物思想
Wilde's devotion to the philistine philosophy and hypocritical morality of British society, he used the "beauty" of art to confront the "ugly" in the vulgar reality. He believes that the United States above all else, art is higher than life, the beauty of art and value does not exist in life and nature, art should be detached from life. He said: "All the bad art is returned to life and nature caused by, and is the life and the natural rise to the ideal results." Also said: "The only thing that is beautiful is nothing to do with us." "Art more abstract , Super-idealized, the more we reveal the characteristics of the times. "He opposed materialism, but also against the naturalism and realism of the creative principles. He said: "The abomination of realism in the nineteenth century is like the wrath of the Kleban classes who see their faces from the mirror." And as a way, realism is a complete failure. One of the two things that an artist should avoid is the modernity of the form and the modernity of the subject. "Thus he advocates writing" beautiful and untruthful stories ", the so-called" lying "works, the hero of his aesthetic works, Whether it is Dorian Gray, Salome, or Happy Prince, are unrealistic, fictional, and exotic; the background of these people's activities are also surreal, man-made imagination, away from life.
Wilde firmly believes that the independent life of the art and their own value, follow the decadent faction, against the utilitarian nature, advocate that art is not subject to moral constraints, the artist should be absolute freedom and pride independent. He said: "The purpose of the art is to show the art itself," "the artist is the creator of the works of the United States ... the artist is not ethical and evil, ⋯ ⋯ book does not matter moral immorality. ⋯ all art is useless" In addition to the performance of their own art, do not show anything, it and thought, like an independent life, and purely according to their own line of development. So he was obsessed with the pursuit of art form beauty, and asserted that only the style can make the art immortal. Since the purpose of art is to create beauty, and the purpose of beauty is only their own, then how can we create this "pure art", "pure" to come? He "under the socialist soul" to answer that the beauty of art Is a unique temperament without any constraints of the artist just to enjoy the creative purpose of pure, imagined to create out. He emphasized the beauty of the United States, subjectivity and enjoyment. This beauty is beyond the beauty, sublimation of the United States, ethereal beauty, mysterious beauty, but also Kant's aesthetics with the "attachment beauty" against the "free beauty". This kind of beauty produced by the joy, not simply the function, the feeling of happiness, but the joy of free life, for the beauty of the paradise and immersed in which the joy. In the theme of "the portrait of Dorian Gray" and the spiritual and flesh clamor revealed by Salome, what we see is the claim of Wilde's spirituality. There is an aestheticism in the indulgence of Salome's persistent pursuit of beauty and love and embracing death. This philosophy is a sharp criticism of the material society and mediocrity at that time. It can be seen that Oscar Wilde's aesthetic claim is, in fact, not entirely super-utilitarian and artistic self-contained.
"Life is imitation of art, life is in fact a mirror, and art is real." That is to say, not art reflects life, but life imitates art. Naturally only after the artist's transformation can exist, so the natural is the imitation of art. In his view, with Hamlet's "pessimism", modern pessimistic thinking, with the poet, the painter wrote the fog of London, people realized that London has "beauty" fog. So he advocated life to art, rather than art to be biochemical. So he fell to the top of the art and life, the relationship between art and nature. From the point of view of the surface, this view enhances the position of art, but from the deep analysis, it denies the value of the art of cognition, and thus denies the meaning of art itself. But Wilde's point of view is not complete, and he recognizes the interrelationship of art and life in another place and the existence of "art for life imitation". The tragedy of Wilde is that his series of aesthetic claims lack the inherent unity of materialism, and finally leads to a series of errors and contradictions in theory and practice. But this is not to say that Wilde's aesthetic claims, theory, practice, and his aesthetic exploration are of no value and worthy of study. On the contrary, it is a positive idea to reject the degeneration of art and to defend the purity and independence of art.
奧斯卡·王爾德寫作特點
fairy tale
Although Wilde's tragic fairy tale works regardless of the story is hidden behind the same sex or the opposite sex of the affair, his language used to modify the language of love almost a flashy beauty, but this beauty for the secular love of the ultimate disillusionment and disappearance of the matter , To be able to achieve the perfect only love of Christ and supreme art. As Wilde himself says, "the purpose of art is not simply real, but complex beauty." He presents a tragic story of aestheticism in a unique narrative way, creating an unspeakable beauty.
Compared to the tragic fate of the Greek tragedy, Shakespearean drama humanist lonely pain, Hemingway's never-ending tragedy heroic spirit, he narrates is the beauty of life and sorrow - the ordinary life of love, the spirit of the world Beauty, and the destruction of the two to the great pain of the human mind, highlighting the divine salvation and fate of Christ. Wilde did not repeat the prince and the princess happy to live a hundred years of cliche, do not express good and good evil evil report of the good wishes, only a kind of indifferent tone to describe the tragedy, with the characters staggered perspective and vision Let the reader hear the long sigh of the fish, the nightingale last life if the hairspring song, the dwarf mourn cry and his heart rupture sound. As an implied author, he has always been silent on the story of the characters, so that Christ's death in the call to become a farewell tragic fate of the best end of the ceremony. He repeatedly inquired about the contradictions and paradoxes that existed in life in an imperfect fairy tale, and fascinated the difficulties and complexities of the real society, showing his perfect and pure pursuit of art, love and life in a tortuous way and using his own works Predicted his unique line of life: walking in the hedonism and sensibility of the edge, swinging between the material and the spirit of love both desire and despair, dying in the lonely converted to the Catholic Church, into the embrace of Christ, and he The tragedy of the characters in general, get his true peace of mind.
Poetry
Aestheticism is not only the inheritance and development of romantic poetry, more importantly, its innovation. The most famous slogan of the aesthetic movement is "art for art", which is one of the reasons why this literary movement can develop in the middle and late stages of Victorian Victorian feud. In 1895 Wilde was jailed for the so-called "guilty conscience", even though his inspiration was not affected during his sentence. In a classic work entitled "From Deep", he wrote more than once that "I am a symbol of art and culture in this era," and even muttered in his mouth before his death, Beauty, only the beauty is like this. "
Wilde's dedication to art, the rebellion and innovation of the practice of traditional poetry, the poem "Riding Prison Songs" is the best embodiment. "Lyon Prison Song" by Oscar Wilde in prison after the start of creation in 1897 and completed in 1898, is his last great poem. The whole poem is divided into six parts, a total of 660 lines, six lines a poem, which he changed the traditional narrative lines, expressed the feelings of other prisoners, especially described the evil university, moral decay and prison system of non-human abuse The This poem is to commemorate the situation of a royal guard soldier who will be hanged for murdering his wife. In this poem, he tried to use the words that could better express his thoughts, seemingly felt and improvised, and in fact included the examination and judgment of the whole society, which was inseparable from his two years of prison life Relationship. In the whole poem, he used the repetitive rhetorical means, the slight syllable changes. In verses 443 and 444, "fear is striding forward in front of us; terror is treading behind us", which increasingly adds to the horrific atmosphere that is creepy. This poetic realistic description of the situation so that readers feel the same, really achieve the purpose of aesthetics.
Fiction
Wilde created a lot of work in his life. He is rich in materials, covered a wide range. There are reviews, fairy tale, there is drama. But his novel is only one - "the portrait of Dorian Gray" (1890). In this novel, Wilde in this novel, with rich imagination, bizarre plot, beautiful writing, full of philosophical language, exposing the British high society of spiritual emptiness and moral sink, intertwined with good and evil, beauty and ugliness, soul The tragedy of the destruction of the flesh, the image of the author's own outlook on life, morality and art. This novel, with a unique artistic conception of the visualization of the "art first" theory. The painter Bessel does not create portraits for fame and fortune, because of his pursuit of "beauty" in the process, in the portrait into their own "all effort", so that the portrait has an unusual "beauty" and peculiar vitality. The author through such an arrangement to explain: only the implementation of "art for art and art" to create the works of art can be counted as eternal lofty perfection to the works of art. It is reflected in the "aestheticism", "art for art" and other views, with Marxist-Leninist view of literature and art is certainly not biased, but we should see that this time the intellectuals trying to escape the capitalist system Under the evil of the kind of naive idea, can be considered that this is a negative reaction to the capitalist system.
Drama
Wilde's great achievement in the drama is the language of the dialogue dialogue, and every word is worth considering. Wilde is a brave playwright, his humorous language reveals the decay and chaos of the upper class society. Many famous aphorisms even come from some negative roles, which makes the conversation even more interesting, but also makes the characters more full and true shape. It is the use of rhetorical devices that make Wilde's play meaningful and flourishing.
For Wilde, contradictory rhetoric fully embodies his witty language style. He uses a pair of semantics, opposite words are used together to express more complex thoughts and feelings or to explain a meaningful philosophy. The magical effect of contradictory rhetoric is to reveal the complex psychological contradictions and philosophy of life in the inner world. "In the" ideal husband ", Mabel Chilton said:" I really like London! This has been fully proved, the whole city is a beautiful fool and outstanding madman. "Muller said she loved London and it was well proved, but her argument was that London was full of beautiful fools and outstanding madmen." Beautiful "," fool "," outstanding "," madman " The contradictory statements reveal Wilde's irony to the upper classes.
In the fourth act of Mrs. Windermere's fan, when Windermere misunderstood Mrs. Olin and satirical, Mrs. Olin said, "I am in the fourth act of Mrs. Windermere's play. Dear Windermere, the first act of courtesy, after the German character! "(My Dear Wintermiere. Eloquel moarls!) The use of the first rhyme so that Mrs. Olin's answer is decent and humorous, showing her demeanor.
The comparison is also a technique commonly used by Oscar Wilde. By using the control, Wilde's language is more fluent, the role is more vivid, more prominent. In the final scene of Mrs Windermere's fan, when the Duke of Windermere evaluated his wife, she said to her wife, "My dear, you and she belong to two different worlds, there is no evil in your world." Replied: "Arthur, do not say that this is our common world, good and evil, evil and innocence, are co-exist." Through the control, a profound reflection of the change of Windermere's attitude reflects the Her thought was mature, her eyes had been evil Lady Olin helped her, to prevent her elope with the lover and to maintain her original perfect marriage, after all this, she no longer with simple good and evil to look at this world, but To treat yourself with others in an inclusive manner.
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