經驗之談：五個提升口譯速度的技巧

口譯是一種實踐性很強應用性很高的工作。而口譯工作對譯員的要求也是非常高的。下面小編就和大家分享五個提升口譯速度的技巧，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。

經驗之談：五個提升口譯速度的技巧

口譯是效率極高的一種活動，在限定時間內完成定量的任務，故對譯員素質是決定翻譯成敗的關鍵性因素。

口譯員不緊要有牢固的語言基本功，而且還必須具備優良的表達素質。譯員為了做好口譯工作，通常要提前準備口譯的材料。

口譯的成敗與臨場的發揮也很有關系而速度則是高質量口譯的最重要的指標。口譯員在平時應該進行口譯訓練以提高口譯速度，以下敘述提高口譯速度的幾種技巧。

集中精力聽懂原文的意思

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口譯首先得聽懂原文的意思。聽懂原文的意思是做好翻譯的第一步。根據不同的題材應該采取不同的聽力方法。若是新聞或快速朗讀的原文應抓住每句話或每段話的重要意思，不要計較個別字詞的意思。

而在新聞發布會或在法庭上口譯時則要仔細聽懂每句話的意思。因為在這些場合每句話都是有非常重要的意義，一旦聽誤信息，口譯便會失去意義。譯員應該在翻譯是集中精力，切忌翻譯時精力分散而丟漏翻譯內容。

而為了提高譯員的聽力獲取信息的速度，譯員平時應訓練聽力的速度，在口譯中，翻譯的記憶力表現在兩個方面。

(1)是必須記住大量的詞匯，以便口譯時能脫口而出。這一點主要涉及到長時記憶。(2)是必須在短時間內把別人在一段時間內講的話盡可能詳細地表述出來。這一點屬于短時記憶的范疇。

口譯筆記

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在口譯過程中，由于時間是緊迫的，對譯員的記憶表達能力要求相當高，為了保證質量的翻譯效果，筆記是一個有效的提高速度的技巧。

筆記有利于幫助記憶，有的翻譯信息內容復雜繁冗，數字較多，專有名詞述語，如果不記筆記，譯員難以儲存所有的信息在頭腦中，最后會導致翻譯的信息不完整，不準確。

口譯筆記不同于課堂筆記或會議記錄。在時效性方面，口譯筆記只供譯員現場翻譯使用，而課堂筆記或會議記錄則需要保留較長時間。

在做口譯筆記時應該保持簡潔，條理清晰的原則。做筆記就是譯員在專心聽取發言，理解發言的同時，把講話的重要信息(包括講話的主題，要點，涉及的日期，地名，人命等)用簡單的文字和符號記錄下來的過程。

口譯筆記中有些是固定的符號和文字能被各種語言所接受，而成為通用的口譯筆記“語言”。

其中包括：英文的縮寫和簡單的漢字，標點符號，數學符號，英語縮略語，箭號，數字，劃線(表示強調或否定)等等。

有時甚至可以劃些簡單的圖形。口譯筆記宜用硬殼的一只手拿的筆記本記錄，忌用單張的易彎曲的疊紙進行筆記。

對翻譯內容進行預測

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為了提高翻譯的速度讓譯員及時表達出翻譯的內容，譯員可以通過對翻譯的內容的預測首先要求譯員對翻譯的場合有所了解，應該了解翻譯的背景知識。

例如，在國務院總理溫家寶的記者招待會上，翻譯可以在會議前了解會議的主題，并獻出與會議相關的材料，以便能熟悉翻譯的內容。

在進行口譯時，就可以根據口譯根據會議的主題進行預測在很多時候預測是因為句子過長，不能及時聽到整句話的意思，在這個時候，我們應該進行斷句，或者根據句首猜測整句話的意思。

口譯表達技巧

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口譯表達是口譯的最后一個環節，它直接影響著說話方和聽話方之間的交流，也會影響到交際雙方對譯員的信任程度。

譯員應當擺脫原文本身的束縛，將源語的詞語和意思分離。最重要的是讓口譯員開口講話忠實地表達原文的意思。

另外，譯員可能在表達過程中可能碰到一些具體的問題，譯員可以運用其它的口譯技巧，如詢問,重復或者根據自己的理解運用迂回的表達源語含義等等，盡量表達理解了的內容，而且強調表達的內在邏輯和關聯性，可懂程度和準確度以及流暢性。

利用身勢語幫助口譯

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口譯是一個現場進行的翻譯活動，有時僅僅口頭表達是不夠的，而必須借助外界條件來幫助表達翻譯的內容。在翻譯有感情色彩的文體時，譯者也可以用相應的身勢語言來表現。

總之，口譯的速度直接影響到口譯的質量。口譯的速度是口譯成敗的標準之一。

翻譯資格考試高級口譯模擬試題

American mythology loves nothing more than the reluctant hero: the man -- it is usually a man -- whose natural talents have destined him for more than obliging obscurity. George Washington, we are told, was a leader who would have preferred to have been a farmer. Thomas Jefferson, a writer. Martin Luther King, Jr., a preacher. These men were roused from lives of perfunctory achievement, our legends have it, not because they chose their own exceptionalism, but because we, the people, chose it for them. We -- seeing greatness in them that they were too humble to observe themselves -- conferred on them uncommon paths. Historical circumstance became its own call of duty, and the logic of democracy proved itself through the answer.

在美式神話中, 主角通常是那些不知不覺中成為的英雄: 一般而言,他就是一個人, 因稟賦異常, 注定此生不能默默無聞。華盛頓原本更愿意當農民,而不是領導國家; 杰弗遜, 曾立志要成為一名作家; 而馬丁路德只是一名牧師.據說是公眾要求他們不能敷衍塞責，埋沒才華; 是我們要求這些偉人必須要振作起來，追求卓越。我們選擇了他們，是因為我們看到他們的偉大，---盡管他們謙虛地認為自己并不出眾— 是我們把他們推上了不尋常的人生道路。換言之，歷史境遇和民主體制造就了這些英雄。

Neil Armstrong was a hero of this stripe: constitutionally humble, circumstantially noble. Nearly every obituary written for him this weekend has made a point of emphasizing his sense of privacy, his sense of humility, his sense of the ironic ordinary. Armstrong's famous line, maybe or maybe not so humanly flubbed, neatly captures the narrative: One small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind. And yet every aspect of Armstrong's life -- a life remembered for one act of bravery but distinguished ultimately by the bravery of banality -- made clear: On that day in 1969, he acted on our behalf, out of a sense of mission that was communal rather than personal. The reluctant hero is also the self-sacrificing hero. The reluctant hero is the charitable hero.

阿姆斯特朗就這種類型的英雄，個性謙卑的他響應時代的號召，成為人類的英雄。本周末，幾乎只要是他的訃告，都會提到：阿姆斯特朗深居簡出、為人謙虛，以至于讓他的平凡變得具有諷刺意味。 他的著名格言，傳神地概括了他的壯舉，他可能和所有人一樣犯錯：我的一小步代表了人類的一大步。人類將銘記他的勇敢，但因為他如此毫無顧忌地承認自己的平庸，讓他此生并不平凡。1969年的某一天，他代表整個人類完成的使命。不情愿的英雄同時還具有勇于犧牲的精神，仁慈寬厚。

高級口譯聽力真題Spot Dictation

Spot Dictation

What’s in a surname? You may ask. A new website project has been released, that helps you locate your past. Have you ever wondered why your ancestors gathered where they did, or where others with your surname live now. A research project investigating the distribution of surnames in Britain answers these questions. And another study has found the surnames are still extremely regional.

Smith, for example, remains the most common surname in Britain, used by more than half a million people. It has exactly the same concentration it always did in Lerwick, in the Scottish Shetland Islands. Jones is the No. 2 surname, and is the most common among hill farmers in north Wales.

The data used for this project comes partly from electoral register. A number of other files are held by Ex-pairing, which is probably Britain’s largest collector of data about individuals.

There’re some of us who are fairly predictable. Campbell, for example, as you might expect, is somewhat concentrated in the northern parts of Scotland, and it appears really bizarre to be found somewhere else.

Well, with 25, 000 names as difficult to generalize, what you can do is put them in general categories, if, for example, you look at names which are people’s work. Like the name, Webber, you might find it is much more common in the Midlands than in the south of England. If you go to Wales, most people get their names from their ancestors and in Yorkshire for example, a lot of people have names based on the places that they originally lived in or at least their ancestors did.

Well, we only have 25, 000 names on this website, but there’re another 50, 000 names now found in Britain and they’re particularly interesting, for they are non-British names. Most British names are fairly common and about what we can now do as such is look for the frequency of all names from different parts of the world and different faiths, religions and languages. And what there is in names is actually extremely useful for researchers in anthropology and sociology may find a lot about different immigrant groups and their descendants now living in this country.