我曾寫(xiě)過(guò)一個(gè)帖子，介紹如何將一個(gè)復(fù)雜的英文句子翻譯成中文。昨天我收到網(wǎng)友“CQ美眉”的郵件，她請(qǐng)我再寫(xiě)一個(gè)帖子，介紹如何將一個(gè)復(fù)雜的中文句子翻譯成英文，也就是再寫(xiě)一個(gè)相反的帖子。這位網(wǎng)友還特意給我提供了一個(gè)例句，請(qǐng)看下面：
每一個(gè)人，作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員，有權(quán)享受其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利，這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
對(duì)于這種比較復(fù)雜的中文句子，在正式翻譯成英文句子之前，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照它的含義，將它劃分成不同的部分，以便我們確定英文句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。我首先將這個(gè)中文句子劃分成6個(gè)部分，請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意，第4部分嵌套在第3部分中間。
①每一個(gè)人，②作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員，③有權(quán)享受 [④其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的] 社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利，⑤這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，⑥并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
這樣劃分之后，我初步?jīng)Q定，將第4、5、6部分翻譯成三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾第3部分的最后一個(gè)單詞rights，請(qǐng)看：
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation
⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
不過(guò)，在英語(yǔ)中，通常是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞，很少有三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞，因此我臨時(shí)決定，將第4部分改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，將第5、6部分合并成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)句子，請(qǐng)看：
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant withthe organization, resources and situation of each country.
最后，將這5個(gè)部分組合起來(lái)，就是這個(gè)中文句子的英文譯文。
Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which arerealized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with theorganization, resources and situation of each country.
另外，LT論壇的ptbptb網(wǎng)友另提供的一個(gè)版本如下：
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled torealization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with theorganization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rightsindispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
每一個(gè)人，作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員，有權(quán)享受其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利，這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
對(duì)于這種比較復(fù)雜的中文句子，在正式翻譯成英文句子之前，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照它的含義，將它劃分成不同的部分，以便我們確定英文句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。我首先將這個(gè)中文句子劃分成6個(gè)部分，請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e注意，第4部分嵌套在第3部分中間。
①每一個(gè)人，②作為社會(huì)的一個(gè)成員，③有權(quán)享受 [④其人格和尊嚴(yán)的自由發(fā)展所必需的] 社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化權(quán)利，⑤這些權(quán)利是通過(guò)國(guó)家努力和國(guó)際合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，⑥并且與所在國(guó)家的組織、資源、現(xiàn)狀相一致。
這樣劃分之后，我初步?jīng)Q定，將第4、5、6部分翻譯成三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾第3部分的最后一個(gè)單詞rights，請(qǐng)看：
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation
⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
不過(guò)，在英語(yǔ)中，通常是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞，很少有三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞，因此我臨時(shí)決定，將第4部分改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，將第5、6部分合并成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)句子，請(qǐng)看：
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant withthe organization, resources and situation of each country.
最后，將這5個(gè)部分組合起來(lái)，就是這個(gè)中文句子的英文譯文。
Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which arerealized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with theorganization, resources and situation of each country.
另外，LT論壇的ptbptb網(wǎng)友另提供的一個(gè)版本如下：
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled torealization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with theorganization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rightsindispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
