托福考試中比較容易出現(xiàn)發(fā)揮不穩(wěn)定情況的科目就是托福口語(yǔ)，因?yàn)榭谡Z(yǔ)考試較為短暫，所有回答都是一次過，今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈？谡Z(yǔ)考場(chǎng)提升發(fā)揮3個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來學(xué)習(xí)吧。
托福口語(yǔ)考場(chǎng)提升發(fā)揮3個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)
1、注意語(yǔ)音和語(yǔ)法
很多中國(guó)考生理解為說得快就是英語(yǔ)流利的體現(xiàn)，結(jié)果發(fā)音含混不清，很多考官重點(diǎn)考察的發(fā)音不到位，而在詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用上過于簡(jiǎn)單，信息含量低，影響考官打高分。因此，考生在陳述過程中要有豐富的抑揚(yáng)頓挫的語(yǔ)調(diào)。對(duì)于語(yǔ)句重音、語(yǔ)調(diào)方式及停頓等，要掌握得自然飄逸。并注意口語(yǔ)的修辭化，對(duì)一些修辭能恰到好處地進(jìn)行引用。
2、掌握好答題時(shí)間
平時(shí)考生在準(zhǔn)備口試的時(shí)候應(yīng)該強(qiáng)迫自己對(duì)于某個(gè)話題在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)形成一個(gè)清晰、有邏輯性的觀點(diǎn)以及證明過程，并試圖先用中文表達(dá)出來，以后再慢慢地過渡到英語(yǔ)上面去。
3、保持邏輯思維的敏銳
西方人在口語(yǔ)表達(dá)時(shí)會(huì)事先在頭腦中形成類似于寫作一樣的大致的邏輯框架，對(duì)開頭(提出論點(diǎn))，中間(發(fā)展論點(diǎn))，結(jié)尾(總結(jié)或辨析)進(jìn)行規(guī)劃。所以學(xué)生只要應(yīng)用了邏輯的開頭，以此來陳述立場(chǎng)，進(jìn)而發(fā)展論點(diǎn)，就會(huì)讓考官形成思想認(rèn)同，覺得你這個(gè)人邏輯思維到位，從而取得高分。而很多中國(guó)考生過于“含蓄”，回答問題毫無(wú)計(jì)劃性。以這種思維方式來與西方人進(jìn)行溝通，不僅影響雙方理解，時(shí)間(通常是45秒-1分鐘)也不允許。
托福口語(yǔ)復(fù)試原則介紹
新托福口語(yǔ)考試共有六個(gè)題目，其中尤以后四個(gè)題目更加充分體現(xiàn)了融讀、聽、說在一起的特點(diǎn)。也就是說，在回答問題時(shí)，你不必慷慨激昂地陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)，而是要利用聽讀材料中的具體信息回答所提出的與材料有關(guān)的問題。這其實(shí)就是在考察考生是否具備了對(duì)先前讀到、聽到的材料進(jìn)行快速加工(歸納、總結(jié)、融合)，然后再口頭輸出(變成自己的話)的口語(yǔ)復(fù)述能力。因而，為取得理想的成績(jī)，在口試中，口語(yǔ)復(fù)述應(yīng)遵循如下原則：
1.準(zhǔn)確性原則(Accuracy)
準(zhǔn)確性強(qiáng)調(diào)要準(zhǔn)確挖掘與獲取聽、讀材料的中心思想與細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，不能任憑主觀臆想;同時(shí)還要注意用準(zhǔn)確的語(yǔ)言輸出。
2.完整性原則(Integrity)
完整性指的是：一要全面采集與應(yīng)用聽、讀材料的信息，特別是不能遺漏任何重要的細(xì)節(jié);二是所提供的答案語(yǔ)言要完整。
3.客觀性原則(Objectivity)
客觀性是指要客觀陳述材料內(nèi)容，不能妄加主觀評(píng)論(除非有這樣的要求)。
4.簡(jiǎn)潔性原則(Concision)
簡(jiǎn)潔性強(qiáng)調(diào)的是要采用簡(jiǎn)練的口語(yǔ)進(jìn)行復(fù)述，不應(yīng)過分堆砌辭藻。(當(dāng)然了，幾十秒鐘的時(shí)間也不允許這樣做。)語(yǔ)言要樸素，同時(shí)還要注意避免說出與主題無(wú)關(guān)的話語(yǔ)，更不能車轱轆話來回說。
托福口語(yǔ)考試中的句子關(guān)系
句子之間的關(guān)系多種多樣，常見的有：并列關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系和相互解釋關(guān)系。Women could and did play a part in this process of settlement. Iceland, for instance, was uninhabited, and a permanent population could only be established if women also made the journey there. (后一句的具體事例為前一句提供說明與解釋)People borrowed more and more money so that they could buy these shares. Because of this, the American people started to believe that share prices could only go up further. (“because of”明顯的因果關(guān)系)Astronomy is a science that deals with all the celestial bodies in the universe. Astronomy includes the study of planets and their satellites, comets and meteors, stars and interstellar matter, star systems and clusters. (后一句是對(duì)前一句celestial bodies 的進(jìn)一步解釋)Previously it was believed that due to the Archaeopteryx’s (始祖鳥) underdeveloped anatomy, it would not have been able to fly. However, research by the London Natural History Museum into its brain developed and that it had good vision and a good sense of balance — all the requirements for a creature to be able to fly. (“However”轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比)
閱讀時(shí)，我們可以根據(jù)段落中出現(xiàn)的一些信號(hào)詞(Signal Words)來判斷句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，掌握段落發(fā)展線索，來調(diào)整閱讀速度，提高閱讀質(zhì)量。1.顯示相同信息的信號(hào)詞：There has been an upsurge of interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased record sales.“l(fā)ikewise”這一信號(hào)詞顯示了前面所提到的idea后面還要再一次出現(xiàn)。因此，閱讀時(shí)見到這樣的信號(hào)詞無(wú)須放慢閱讀速度。這樣的信號(hào)詞還包括：and, furthermore, more, than, that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example2.顯示思路轉(zhuǎn)折的信號(hào)詞：
I’d like to go but I’m too busy.“but”前后是完全不同的信息描述，它向讀者顯示了作者的思路在這里有了轉(zhuǎn)折。閱讀時(shí)，碰到這樣的信號(hào)詞我們需放慢閱讀速度，以準(zhǔn)確獲取作者真正想要說明的意思。這類信號(hào)詞還有：although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, yet3.顯示因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞：
As a result of the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
All flights have had to be cancelled as a result of the pilots’ strike.所有航班被取消的原因是因?yàn)轱w行員們的罷工;飛行員們的罷工導(dǎo)致了所有的航班不得不被取消。顯示因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞還有：for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently4.顯示順序的信號(hào)詞：Internet speeds communication between companies, among co-workers through video-conferences, and among other individuals. First, media companies use the Internet for online news, or to broadcast audio and video, including live radio and television programs, while individuals use the Internet for communication, entertainment, finding information, buying and selling goods and services. Second, the notion of distance disappears thanks to the Internet. People also enjoy instant messaging to exchange text messages or pictures in real time, with real-time video and sound. Finally, scientists and scholars use the Internet to perform research, distribute lecture notes or course materials to students, they communicate with colleagues, and can also publish papers and articles.抓住了這樣的信號(hào)詞就把握住了作者敘述的順序，也就分清了相對(duì)獨(dú)立的論據(jù)。這樣的信號(hào)詞包括：first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next, last, afterward, finally5.表示結(jié)論/總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞：In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.詞組“in conclusion”前面所提到的一些信息將在這里被歸納總結(jié)。讀到帶有這樣的信號(hào)詞或短語(yǔ)的句子時(shí)，應(yīng)格外留心注意，它們往往會(huì)向我們提示相關(guān)段落的核心信息。表示結(jié)論或總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞和短語(yǔ)還有：as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word。
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