41. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as “ racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
41、對(duì)于針對(duì)美國(guó)黑人的種族歧視，他的理論相對(duì)成立得較好，但是他將種族偏見(jiàn)如此定義：“在某一特定區(qū)域內(nèi)的種族競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中被普遍接受的一個(gè)種族所受到的基于種族的負(fù)面偏見(jiàn)。”可以看作也包含有對(duì)象加州的中國(guó)人以及中世紀(jì)的猶太人等少數(shù)民族的敵視。
42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
42、加特曼確鑿地說(shuō)明黑人家庭的穩(wěn)定鼓勵(lì)了黑人文化遺產(chǎn)的傳遞和維護(hù)，這些遺產(chǎn)包括從一代傳到另一代的民間傳說(shuō)，音樂(lè)，和宗教表述，這些遺產(chǎn)使非洲和美洲的奴隸們特色顯著。
43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on , is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.
43、即使社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的民間知識(shí)中像掙錢(qián)，花費(fèi)，組織，婚嫁，政治活動(dòng)的參與，以及戰(zhàn)斗等等，都與從社會(huì)科學(xué)中衍生出來(lái)更加精細(xì)的社會(huì)系統(tǒng)描述相差不多，盡管它是建立在一個(gè)不太完善的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的模型。
44. There are several steps that can be taken, of one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people.
44、有幾項(xiàng)措施可以采取，其中主要的是要所有宣布以保護(hù)動(dòng)物利益為目標(biāo)的組織都明確宣布他們對(duì)于人類所受到的暴力襲擊表決堅(jiān)定的立場(chǎng)。
45. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.
45、用其他方式來(lái)展示神經(jīng)類型的細(xì)微差別也是可能的，然而，要證明脈沖質(zhì)量和傳導(dǎo)受到這些差別的影響還缺乏證據(jù)，看起來(lái)這些差別影響的是神經(jīng)單元的發(fā)展形成方式。
46. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge , and there is some evidence for this view.
46、根據(jù)這一理論，不是由感覺(jué)神經(jīng)脈沖的質(zhì)量來(lái)決定他們產(chǎn)生的各種神經(jīng)感覺(jué)的，而是由他們被發(fā)射到大腦的哪一部位來(lái)決定的，對(duì)這一觀點(diǎn)是有證據(jù)的。
47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces, the other of the larger remains.
47、磨擦的結(jié)果是，在葉面上服從正態(tài)分布的地方就會(huì)產(chǎn)生兩種分布方式，頂點(diǎn)上主要是小塊，其他的地方是小塊，其他的地方是大塊的地方。
48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable difference of opinion.
48、圣經(jīng)沒(méi)有告訴我們羅馬的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)者們?cè)鯓舆_(dá)到我們今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)的可靠性的，我們進(jìn)一步思考的話，其中的意見(jiàn)上有很大的不同。
49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis of the spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer.
49、在英國(guó)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查證實(shí)經(jīng)常接受X光照射的脊椎關(guān)節(jié)炎患者癌癥的百分比高得不正常。
50. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.
50、然而，穿過(guò)太空的港灣，那里的意識(shí)對(duì)于我們的來(lái)說(shuō)就像我們的意識(shí)比動(dòng)物的意識(shí)一樣，冷酷廣博而無(wú)情的智慧，用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球，慢慢地肯定會(huì)制定針對(duì)我們的計(jì)劃。
41、對(duì)于針對(duì)美國(guó)黑人的種族歧視，他的理論相對(duì)成立得較好，但是他將種族偏見(jiàn)如此定義：“在某一特定區(qū)域內(nèi)的種族競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中被普遍接受的一個(gè)種族所受到的基于種族的負(fù)面偏見(jiàn)。”可以看作也包含有對(duì)象加州的中國(guó)人以及中世紀(jì)的猶太人等少數(shù)民族的敵視。
42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
42、加特曼確鑿地說(shuō)明黑人家庭的穩(wěn)定鼓勵(lì)了黑人文化遺產(chǎn)的傳遞和維護(hù)，這些遺產(chǎn)包括從一代傳到另一代的民間傳說(shuō)，音樂(lè)，和宗教表述，這些遺產(chǎn)使非洲和美洲的奴隸們特色顯著。
43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on , is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.
43、即使社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的民間知識(shí)中像掙錢(qián)，花費(fèi)，組織，婚嫁，政治活動(dòng)的參與，以及戰(zhàn)斗等等，都與從社會(huì)科學(xué)中衍生出來(lái)更加精細(xì)的社會(huì)系統(tǒng)描述相差不多，盡管它是建立在一個(gè)不太完善的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的模型。
44. There are several steps that can be taken, of one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people.
44、有幾項(xiàng)措施可以采取，其中主要的是要所有宣布以保護(hù)動(dòng)物利益為目標(biāo)的組織都明確宣布他們對(duì)于人類所受到的暴力襲擊表決堅(jiān)定的立場(chǎng)。
45. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.
45、用其他方式來(lái)展示神經(jīng)類型的細(xì)微差別也是可能的，然而，要證明脈沖質(zhì)量和傳導(dǎo)受到這些差別的影響還缺乏證據(jù)，看起來(lái)這些差別影響的是神經(jīng)單元的發(fā)展形成方式。
46. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge , and there is some evidence for this view.
46、根據(jù)這一理論，不是由感覺(jué)神經(jīng)脈沖的質(zhì)量來(lái)決定他們產(chǎn)生的各種神經(jīng)感覺(jué)的，而是由他們被發(fā)射到大腦的哪一部位來(lái)決定的，對(duì)這一觀點(diǎn)是有證據(jù)的。
47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces, the other of the larger remains.
47、磨擦的結(jié)果是，在葉面上服從正態(tài)分布的地方就會(huì)產(chǎn)生兩種分布方式，頂點(diǎn)上主要是小塊，其他的地方是小塊，其他的地方是大塊的地方。
48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable difference of opinion.
48、圣經(jīng)沒(méi)有告訴我們羅馬的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)者們?cè)鯓舆_(dá)到我們今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)的可靠性的，我們進(jìn)一步思考的話，其中的意見(jiàn)上有很大的不同。
49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis of the spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer.
49、在英國(guó)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查證實(shí)經(jīng)常接受X光照射的脊椎關(guān)節(jié)炎患者癌癥的百分比高得不正常。
50. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.
50、然而，穿過(guò)太空的港灣，那里的意識(shí)對(duì)于我們的來(lái)說(shuō)就像我們的意識(shí)比動(dòng)物的意識(shí)一樣，冷酷廣博而無(wú)情的智慧，用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球，慢慢地肯定會(huì)制定針對(duì)我們的計(jì)劃。
