英語翻譯資格考試口譯技巧：數字表達

想成為一名合格的翻譯，首先要做的就是通過翻譯考試拿到翻譯資格證件。在我們備考英語翻譯考試的時候，在口語部分，我們要多加留意。很多的翻譯是有固定方法的，不需要你的自創。下面小編就和大家分享英語翻譯資格考試口譯技巧：數字表達，希望能夠幫助到大家，來欣賞一下吧。

英語翻譯資格考試口譯技巧：數字表達

I. 有關數字的各種表達及注意事項

1. 整數的譯法和讀法

迅速無誤識別數字的前提是必須能夠流利地讀出數字。要從讀兩位數起，然后練習讀三位和四位數乃至五位或六位以上的數字。其中兩位和三位數的讀法是讀所有數字的基礎。英文數字中的每一個逗點的讀法也要牢記：有一個逗點讀“thousand”，兩個逗點讀“million”， 三個逗點讀“billion”。還要清楚，每個逗點間由三位數組成。英文數字中的第四位數、第七位數、第十位數是很關鍵的數位。

1,234 讀作：one thousand,two hundred and thirty-four

4,567,809 讀作：four million,five hundred and sixty-seventhousand,eight hundred and nine

5,678,120,000 讀作：five billion,six hundred and seventy-eight million,one hundred and twe nty thousand

百位數和百位數以上的數的讀法英國人和美國人不同，英國人在百位數和十位數之間用and,美國人常常不用。

126 讀作one hundred(and)twenty-six

3,862 讀作three thousand, eight hundred(and)sixty-two

489,932 讀作four thousand(and)eight-nine thousand,nine hundred(and)thiety-two

以one開始的較大數字，通俗的用法或表示大概數字時，可用不定冠詞a代替one,如：He's written a thousand poems.

“千”有時可轉換成“百”來表示，尤其在通俗用法中，如：

The fee is about eleven hundred yuan.(費用約一千一百元。)

也即，部分有一個逗點的數字(四位數)，英國人用“thousand”表示，而美國人則多用“hundred”。 再如，有三個逗點的數字(十位數)，美式讀法為“billion”， 而英式讀法為“thousand million”。因此，熟悉英美兩種不同的讀法對消除數字理解上的岐義是十分必要的。請看下面的對照表：

例詞1,900 英式one thousand,nine hundred 美式nineteen hundred

4,000,000,000 英式four thousand million 美式four billion

2. 小數的譯法和讀法

和漢語一樣，英語小數點前的數字按“十”、“百”、“千”整數讀，小數點后的數字一個個分開單讀，如：

0.12 讀作[zero<美>/nought<英>]point one two

3.208 讀作three point two o/zero eight

小數的讀法：小數點讀作“point”，小數后各位數要分別讀， 小數點前的數若為“0”可略去不讀。

2.468 讀作：two point four six eight

0.157 讀作：(zero)point one five seven

13.91讀作：thirteen decimal(point)nine one;

0.23讀作：nought demical two three;

1.25 讀作 one point two five.

3.728 讀作 three point seven two eight

0.56讀作 (naught)(美國用zero) point five six

0.009 讀作 (naught) point naught naugnt nine( 美國用 zero 代替 naught)

3. 分數的譯法和讀法

和漢語不同，英語口語表達分數比較復雜：分子用基數詞表示，分母用序數詞表示。口譯時，分數線可以省略。分子為1時，分子譯為one/a，分母用序數詞。

1/3 one/a third

1/5 one/a fifth

但以2和4為分母的分數有特殊表達法，如：

1/2 a/one half

1/4 a/one quarter

3/4 three quarters

分子大于1時，分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞的復述形式：

2/3 two thirds

6/7 six sevenths

復雜或數字較大的分數的譯法和讀法：

分子和分母均用基數詞表示，中間用over連接，如：

2/855 two over eight hundred and fifty-five

分母為百位數的也有把數字一個個分開讀的，如：

9/267 nine over two six seven

練習：

1/3 讀作：one-third

7/12 讀作：seven-twelfths

1/2 讀作：a(one)half

3/4 讀作：three quarters

2 1/2 讀作：two and a half

20/87 讀作：twenty over eighty-seven

33/90 讀作：thirty-three over ninety

4. 百分數的譯法和讀法

口譯時，英語的百分數用“基數詞+%”(讀作per cent/percent)表達，如：

0.5% point five percent(或zero/nought point five percent)

0.05% point o five percent

0.015% point o one five percent

100% one hundred percent

150% one hundred and fifty percent

34.55% thirty-four point three five percent

5. 電話號碼、銀行賬號等的讀法：

(1)電話號碼

讀電話號碼時，每個數字一一讀出，“o”英式讀[ou];美式則讀zero，這也是最常用于科技方面或最準確的形式，o極少用于科技方面(有時也讀nought) ;英國人在讀兩個相同數字時，通常讀成double尤其是當這兩個數處在同一組時，較長的號碼可以兩個或三個數字為一組按節奏讀出，如：

13901834567 讀作one three nine//o one eight//three four five//six seven

345—6638讀作：three four five，double six three eight

307—4922讀作：three oh seven，four nine double two

而美式則讀成：three zero seven，four nine two two

但如果相同的兩個數不在同一組，則可以有兩種讀法。

例如：62899033即可讀成six two eight double nine oh double three，也可讀作six two eight nine nine oh double three，但99033絕不可讀作nine nine oh three three。

相反，在遇到號碼中數字相同時，美式則一律重復念出該數字。但英式有一例外，英國的緊急電話999卻總讀成nine，nine，nine。

(2)溫度

表示溫度有華氏(Fahrenheit)和攝氏(Centigrade)兩種。英美均使用華氏作為溫度的計量單位。攝氏用法現已日漸普及。

15℃讀作：fifteen degrees Centigrade(或Celsius)

32℉讀作：thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit

0℃讀作：nought degrees Centigrade

-5℃讀作：five degrees below zero

(3)門牌號

門牌號遇三位數分別讀出各數字，遇四位數時則分成兩半來讀。例如：

Room 302讀作：Room three o two/three zero two

3491 King Street讀作：thirty-four ninety-one King Street

第344房間 讀作：Room three four four

6. 年代的讀法：英語年代的讀法和漢語不同，不是一個個數字分開讀，而是以“百”為一個單位讀，如：

329B.C.讀作：three hundred(and)twenty-nine B.C.

1800 讀作：eighteen hundred

1492 讀作：fourteen ninety-two

1503 讀作：fifteen o three

1949 讀作：nineteen forty-nine 在正式場合使用nineteen hundred and forty-nine的讀法

2000 讀作：two thousand

2002 讀作：two thousand and two或twenty o two

1800 讀作：eighteen hundred

1701 讀作：seventeen oh one 或 seveteen hundred and one

年代指十年(decade)，采用“基數詞加上十位數復數”的形式來表示，前面與介詞“in”和定冠詞“the”搭配。

in the 1840's 讀作：in the eighteen fourties (十九世紀四十年代)

in the 1950's 讀作：in the nineteen fifties(二十世紀五十年代)

in the '60's 讀作：in the sixties(本世紀六十年代)

如要表示一個年代的初期、中期、末期， 可在年代前分別加“early，mid，late”。如：in the early 1770's;in the late 1590's。

世紀指一百年(century)，用“the+序數詞+century”表示。

in the 2nd century 在二世紀

in the mid 13th century 在十三世紀中葉

7. 時間的表達法

表達時間的方法有三種，其中最為普遍的一種是先說分，再加介詞“past”或“to”，然后說小時。若分數為15分、30分、45分，則用“quarter”、“half”代替具體的分數。習慣上， 分數在30分以內，用“past”，如過了30分，用“to”。美國英語中，常用“after ”代替“past”，用“before”(或till)代替“ to”。

Examples：

8:00 讀作：eight o'clock或eight

9:15 讀作：a quarter past nine(英式) 或 a quarter after nine(美式)

11:30 讀作：half past eleven(英式) 或 eleven thirty(美式)

7:50 讀作：ten to eight(英式) 或 ten before eight(美式)

表達時間的另一種方法是不用介詞，先說小時數，再說分數。這種表達法多用于與汽車、火車、輪船、飛 機等相關的情境中，如發車時間、到站時間等。

Examples：

4:30 p.m. 讀作：four-thirty p.m.

5:45 p.m. 讀作：five-fourty-five p.m.

最后一種方法是日常生活中最不常用的24小時制。如：用14:15 (fourteen-fifteen)代替2:15 p.m，用23:05(twenty-three-oh-five)代替11:05 p.m.。這種用法主要出現在官方的時刻表上和之聲的正式報時中。

當用于軍事命令和旅行時間表時，其讀法如下：

07：00 (Oh)seven hundred hours=7：00a.m.

09：15 (Oh) nine fifteen=9：15a.m.

12：00 twelve hundred hours=midday/noon

13：45 thirteen forty-five-1：45p.m.

19：00 nineteen hundred hours：7：OOp.m.

23：05 twenty-three(Oh)five--11：05p.m.

24：00 twenty-four hundred hours=midnight

24：10 twenty-fourten’ten past midnight

8. 算術式的讀法：

2+3=5 Two plus three is (equals, is equal to)five.

5-3=2 Five minus three is equal to two.

3×2=6 Three times two is six.or Three by two is six.

9÷3=3 Nine divided by three makes three.

9. 聽懂美國和英國的貨幣說法：

美國貨幣

美國貨幣由美元dollar和美分cent組成，one dollar等于100 cents。其紙幣bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值;硬幣(coin)有一美分(或a penny)、五美分(或a nickel)、十美分(或a dime)和二十五美分(或a quarter)等。在數字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元;在數字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分;表示由美元和美分組成的錢數時，常用$表示，如：$6.50。

英國貨幣

英國貨幣由英鎊(pound)和便士(pence)組成，也分為紙幣notes和硬幣coins。紙幣有面值五鎊、十鎊、二十鎊和五十鎊;而硬幣，即金屬貨幣有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一鎊等。隨身帶的硬幣可用change表示。100 pence等于1 pound。在數字前加￡表示多少英鎊，如：￡800為800英鎊;在數字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士(penny的復數);表示由英鎊和便士組成的錢數時通常不說出pence，如3鎊50便士可說成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。

II. 記錄數字的常見方法

由于英漢兩種語言計數方法具有很大的差異性，因此，譯員在短時間而且壓力很大的情況下，要記住并且準確無誤地譯出講話人所表達的數字不是一件很容易的事情，況且數字又是聽眾比較關注的信息。那么，譯員如何能夠做到在時間短、壓力大的情況下準確無誤地記住數字并且準確無誤地用目標語表達出來呢?以下是幾種常見的數字的翻譯方法。

1. 公式記錄法

(1)以漢語數字的關鍵計數點為出發點的公式

一萬 10 thousand 一億 100 million

十萬 100 thousand 十億 1 billion

百萬 1 million 百億 10 billion

千萬 10 million 千億 100 billion

萬億 1 trillion

(2) 以英語數字的關鍵計數點為出發點的公式：

1 thousand = 千 1 million = 百萬 1 billion =十億

10 thousand = 萬 10 million = 千萬 10 billion =百億

100 thousand = 十萬 100 million = 億 100 billion =千億

1 thrillion =萬億

2. 填空記錄法

初學口譯的人在練習數字口譯時，可以使用填空記錄法。根據英漢兩種語言在數位上的差異，譯員可以準備專門用于記錄數字的紙張，事先在紙上標明英漢兩種語言各個位數，也可以事先在筆記本的頁面下端分出一塊來做好“標尺”以標明英漢兩種語言各個位數。具體方法如下：

b, m, th,

十億 億 千萬 百萬， 十萬 萬 千， 百十個

英譯漢時，可以將數字填在標尺的上方，漢譯英時，可以將數字填在標尺的下方，然后對照標尺上相應的位數的位置用另一種語言讀出數字即可。如：

英譯漢

聽到英語Seventy-three billion ninety-six million four hundred and twelve thousand five hundred and eleven,可以如下所示記錄：

73 096 412 511

b, m, th,

十億 億 千萬 百萬， 十萬 萬 千， 百十個

讀出漢語：七百三十億九千六百四十一萬二千五百一十一

漢譯英：

聽到漢語：六十億三千三百零五萬七千零三十

b, m, th,

十億 億 千萬 百萬， 十萬 萬 千， 百十個

6 0 3 3 0 5 7 030

讀出英語：six billion thirty-three million fifty-seven thousand and thirty

3. “點三杠四”記錄法

即用逗號(，)表示三位數，便于英語表達，用斜杠(/)表示四位數，便于漢語表達：

727 七百二十七 Seven hundred twenty-seven (in AmE); Seven hundred and twenty-seven (in BrE);

2,003 二千零三 Two thousand three (in AmE); Two thousand and three (in BrE);

1,97/4,727 一百九十七萬四千七百二十七 One million, nine hundred (and) seventy-four thousand seven hundred (and) twenty-seven

1,1/75,00/0,000 十一億七千五百萬 One billion, one hundred seventy-five million (in AmE)

45,0/00,00/0,000 四百五十億 Forty-five billion

點三杠四、缺位補零法

(1)“點三杠四法”是根據英漢兩種語言數字分節方法的不同而專門設計的。英文數字是三位一節，漢語數字是四位一節。英文數字以逗點從右至左每三位一點，漢語數字以斜杠從右至左每四位一劃。在翻譯時轉換過程如下：

漢譯英：

a. 聽到漢語數字：“十五億三千九百八十七萬六千三百二十一”

b. 在筆記上記下：“15億3987萬6321”

c. 從右至左按英語計數方式三位一點：“1,5億39,87萬6,321”

d. 在每個逗點下方標記英文計數單位：“1,b5億39,m87萬6,th321”

e. 讀出英文: “one billion five hundred thirty-nine million eight hundred seventy-six thousand three hundred and twenty-one”

英譯漢：

a. 聽到英文數字：“thirty-six million seven hundred twenty-four thousand six hundred and thirty-one”

b. 在筆記上記下: “36m724th631”

c. 從左至右按漢語計數方式每四位一劃: “36m72/4th631”

d. 在每個斜線下標出漢語計數單位：“36m72/萬4th631”

e. 讀出漢語: “ 三千六百七十二萬四千六百三十一”

(2) 缺位補零法是針對數字中有空位的情況下而設計的。

如上例中，假如每一位上都有數字，那么翻譯時直接使用“點三杠四”法即可。但如果某些數位為零時，情況就要復雜一些。首先要注意數字中是否有零數位，有幾個零數位，然后及時補零。此時就要注意漢語數字是以“千”位起始的四位一節，而英語數字是以hundred (百位)起始的三位一節。在翻譯時轉換過程如下：

漢譯英：

a. 聽到漢語數字：“六億零五十八萬零三十六”

b. 在筆記上記下：“6億58萬36”

c. 按照漢語數字每節四位的特點從右至左補零：“6億0058萬0036”

d. 從右至左按英語計數方式三位一點：“6億00,58萬0,036”

e. 在每個逗點下方標記英文計數單位：“6億00,m58萬0,th036”

f. 讀出英文：“six hundred million five hundred eighty thousand and thirty-six”

英譯漢：

a. 聽到英文數字：“one hundred billion thirty-six million seven thousand and forty-one”

b. 在筆記中記下：“100b36m7th41”

c. 按照英語數字每節三位的特點從右至左補零：“100b036m007th041”

d. 從左至右按漢語計數方式每四位一劃：“100b0/36m00/7th041”

e. 在每個斜線下標出漢語計數單位：“100b0/億36m00/萬7th041”

f. 讀出漢語：“一千億三千六百萬七千零四十一”

4. 分節號記錄法

這種記錄法特別適用于英譯漢，因為英語數字表達的特點是三位一節，從千位開始每一節換一個單位，并且在書面形式上用逗號隔開。譯員在聽到英語數字時，可以迅速根據其節數分檔，將數字放到相應的檔位，用分節號表示單位。例如：

如“千”用一個分節號“,”表示;“百萬”用兩個分節號“,,”表示,“十億”用三個分節號“,,,”表示。分節號可以標在數字的右下方或左上角。按照此法

“five thousand two hundred”可記錄為“5,2”,

“seven million”,可記錄為“7,,”

“one billion three hundred and twenty million”可記錄為“1,,,320,,”。

此法的缺點是需要譯員牢記規則,否則容易出錯。

5. 小數點法

該法主要用小數點將較大或較復雜的數字轉化成單位較少、相對簡單的數字。如“八百三十四萬兩千”可記錄成“8.342 M”;又如“九億七千萬”可記錄成“0.97 B”。“三十二億六千五百萬”記錄為“3.265 B”。此法適合于多位整數的口譯。

2020年翻譯考試catti一級口譯練習

2018年10月11日商務部例行新聞發布會

Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of Commerce on October 11, 2018

各位記者朋友，大家下午好，歡迎大家參加商務部例行新聞發布會。今天我沒有需要主動向大家進行通報的信息。下面我愿意回答記者朋友們提出的問題。

Dear friends from the press, good afternoon. Welcome to the regular press conference. Since I don’t have announcements to make today, we can proceed directly to Q&A. The floor is open.

中新社記者：我們注意到美墨加貿易協定里面包含毒丸條款，和美國簽署貿易協定的國家就不能和其他“非市場經濟國家”再簽署貿易協定。有分析認為，這一條款可能在美歐貿易協定和美日貿易協定之中得到復制，使中國被邊緣化，請問商務部對此有何回應，中方將如何應對?

China News Service: We have noticed that the US-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement includes the “poison pill” article: the countries that have signed a free trade deal with the US would not be able to sign deals with a “non-market country”. Some analysts believe that such an article may be replicated in the trade deals between the US and the EU or the US and Japan to marginalize China. What is MOFCOM’s response to that and how will China respond?

高峰：關于所謂的“非市場經濟國家”的問題，中方多次強調，在世貿組織多邊貿易規則中，沒有關于“非市場經濟國家”的條款，其僅存在于個別成員的國內法中。中方反對將一國國內法凌駕于國際法之上、將一國意愿強加于人的做法。

Gao Feng: Regarding the so-called “nonmarket country”, China has stressed many times that there is no such an article of “nonmarket country” in WTO multilateral rules. It only exists in the domestic laws of individual countries. China opposes the practice of placing a country’s domestic law above the international law and forcing one country’s will on others.

對于美墨加貿易協定的有關內容，中方認為，一個國家應當在相互尊重、平等協商、互利共贏的原則基礎上，憑借市場潛力、政策環境等要素，吸引貿易伙伴。建立自貿區的目的是便利成員間的貿易，應該秉持開放包容的原則，不應該限制其他成員的對外關系能力，不應該搞排他主義。

As for the relevant parts of the US-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement, China believes that a country should attract its trading partners based on market potential and policy environment by following the principles of mutual respect, equal consultation, mutual benefit and win-win results. The aim of FTA is to facilitate trade between members. One should uphold the principle of openness and inclusivity instead of limiting foreign relations of other members or pursuing exclusionism.

我們相信每個經濟體都有發展對外經貿關系的自主權，也會根據互利共贏的合作需要，重視與中國的經貿關系。謝謝!

We believe that all economies have the autonomy to develop their foreign business relations and will value their commercial relations with China based on their needs for mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation. Thank you.

中國國際電視臺CGTN記者：最近我們看到美國領導人發表對華政策的演講，其中說到中國的經濟快速發展是得益于美國的投資，但是中國反過來卻采取了一些有違自由和公平貿易的一些政策武器對美國進行經濟侵略，其中還列舉中國使用一些關稅政策、操縱匯率、強制性進行技術轉讓、盜取知識產權等等。請問中方對此有何回應?

CGTN: We have recently seen the speech by a US leader on the China policy. The speech mentioned that much of fast economic growth in China was driven by American investment. However, it also stated that China has also used an arsenal of policies inconsistent with free and fair trade for economic invasion against the US, including tariffs, currency manipulation, forced technology transfer and intellectual property theft. What is China’s response to that?

高峰：美國領導人的言論罔顧中美經貿合作的事實，是在混淆視聽。根據中方的統計，自1987年我國有外資統計以來，中國累計實際利用外資20026億美元，其中美國對華投資813.6億美元，占到4.06%。我們不否認美國投資對中國經濟發展的貢獻，但是中國的發展，歸根結底還是中國不斷推進改革開放、靠中國人民自己的奮斗干出來的。

Gao Feng: The comments of the US leader ignore the facts of China-US business cooperation and are merely misleading the public. According to Chinese statistics, since 1987 when China started collecting statistics on foreign investment, China’s cumulative paid-in foreign investment reached US$2002.6 billion, including US$81.36 billion from the US, or 4.06% of the total. We do not deny the contribution of US investment to Chinese economic growth. However, China’s development is ultimately the result of China’s constant reform and opening up and the hard work of the Chinese people.

改革開放以來，中國的對外經貿合作始終堅持互利共贏的原則，不斷向世界開放市場，中國經濟積極融入全球經濟體系。我們從來沒有、永遠也不會搞所謂的“經濟侵略”。相反，我們希望與所有經貿合作伙伴共享機遇，共同發展，共同構建開放型世界經濟，共同推動全球經濟增長。根據國際貨幣基金組織的統計，自2013年以來，中國對世界經濟增長的年均貢獻率超過了30%。根據世貿組織的統計，自2001年至2017年，中國貨物貿易進口占全球進口總額的比重由3.8%增加到10.2%，服務貿易進口比重由2.7%增加到9.1%。中國對全球經濟貿易增長的貢獻有目共睹。

Since the reform and opening up, China has always been committed to the mutually beneficial and win-win principles in its foreign business cooperation and constantly opened its market to the world. The Chinese economy is actively integrating into the global economic system. We have never pursued the so-called economic invasion, and will never do so. On the contrary, we hope to share opportunities and pursue common development with all commercial partners to jointly build an open world economy and promote global economic growth. According to IMF statistics, since 2013, China’s average contribution rate to world economic growth has exceeded 30%. According to WTO statistics, from 2001 to 2017, the share of China’s imported goods in global total increased from 3.8% to 10.2% and that of imported services from 2.7% to 9.1%. China’s contribution to global economic and trade growth is clear to all.

關于美方提到的所謂與自由和公平貿易不相符的政策工具，中方的觀點已經非常清楚，我們始終恪守世貿組織的基本原則和規則，為全球貿易自由化便利化做出了中國的貢獻。希望美方不要為推行單邊主義和保護主義尋找借口，應該以建設性的方式，采取務實的舉措，真正維護中美經貿合作的良性發展，維護全球經濟復蘇的勢頭。謝謝!

As for the so-called policy tools inconsistent with free and fair trade mentioned by the US, China’s views are already very clear. We have always abided by the basic principles and rules of the WTO and have made our contribution to global trade liberalization and facilitation. We hope that the US would not find excuses for unilateralism and protectionism and should take practical measures constructively to genuinely safeguard the sound development of China-US business cooperation and the momentum of global economic growth. Thank you.

俄通塔斯社記者：中美經貿摩擦對世界所有國家帶來了非常不好的后果，中美需要用什么樣的措施才能把雙方經貿關系提升到以前的水平，中方有沒有什么好方法?雙方經貿摩擦會不會變成政治矛盾的狀態?

ITAR-TASS: China-US trade frictions have had adverse impact on countries around the world. What measures do China and the US need to take to restore bilateral commercial relations to the previous level? What solutions does China have? Will economic and trade frictions turn into political conflicts?

高峰：正如你所說，中美作為全球最大的兩個經濟體，經貿摩擦不僅給兩國、而且給全世界都帶來了不利的影響。現在最好的方法，就是雙方都能充分展示誠意，相互尊重，在平等、誠信的基礎上展開對話與磋商。我們相信，只要雙方有誠意積極合作，管控分歧，就能夠找到辦法，使雙邊經貿關系保持在合作的軌道上。謝謝!

Gao Feng: Like you said, the trade frictions between China and the US, the world’s two biggest economies, have brought negative impact on not only the two countries, but also the entire world. The best way out is for both sides to fully show goodwill and mutual respect and have conversations and consultations based on equality and credibility. We believe that as long as the two sides are sincere about active cooperation and manage their differences, ways can be found to keep bilateral trade and economic relations on the track of cooperation. Thank you.

新華社記者：我們注意到美國領導人近期表態稱，為了讓中國更大程度的開放市場，他們近期可能會采取更加強硬的態勢，除非雙方達成所謂的公正和對等的協議，否則他們可能會加征更多的關稅，并且這個數字可能會大幅增長一倍以上，而且他們還威脅會對中國剩下的2670億輸美商品加征關稅，并且美國認為這是他們美國力量的一種表現，已經對中國市場產生了影響，請問發言人對此如何回應?

Xinhua News Agency: We’ve noted the remarks by US leaders of late that in order to have China open wider, they might take a tougher stance these days. Unless the two sides reach a so-called just and reciprocal agreement, they might impose more tariffs, which could more than double. They also threatened levies on the remaining US$267 billion worth of Chinese goods and believe that to be a show of strength of the US already having an impact on the Chinese market. What is your reaction to that?

高峰：中方多次強調，美方的霸凌主義、極限施壓的做法，對中國不起作用。可能美國對于運用所謂自身實力干預別國經濟的做法已經習以為常，但我們不認為升級貿易摩擦有助于雙方分歧的解決。同時，從總體上看，中國經濟穩中向好、穩中有進的態勢沒有改變，新動能正在加快成長，正在邁向高質量發展。

Gao Feng: China has emphasized many times that US bullyism and extreme pressuring doesn’t work with China. The US may be used to using its so-called strength to interfere into others’ economy, but we don’t think that escalating trade tensions can help resolve our differences. Meanwhile, overall, the Chinese economy’s improving and progressing momentum amidst stability hasn’t changed. New dynamics are forming more rapidly towards quality development.

希望美方不要誤判形勢，停止單邊主義和貿易保護主義的做法，回到互利共贏的合作軌道上來，在平等、誠信、互相尊重的基礎上，通過對話和磋商解決雙邊經貿分歧。謝謝!

It is hoped that the US will not misjudge the situation and stop unilateralist and trade protectionist practices and return to the track of mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation to address trade and economic differences through dialogue and consultation based on equality, credibility and mutual respect. Thank you.

環球時報英文版記者：美國領導人此前發表演講，聲稱中國政府對美方采取的強硬立場回應惡劣，不僅通過打擊總統票倉等方式干涉美國內政和選舉，還試圖影響美國商界領袖以威脅的方式鼓勵他們譴責美國貿易行為，請問我方對此如何回應?

Global Times English Version: In a speech the other day, a US leader alleged that China has reacted badly to the tough US position, including interfering in US domestic politics and elections by hitting the base of the President and influencing US business leaders by coercion to encourage them to condemn US trade acts. What’s China’s response?

高峰：此次中美經貿摩擦的過程，我想大家都十分清楚。中方始終希望維護中美經貿合作的大局，不愿意打貿易戰。但是美方挑起并不斷升級貿易摩擦，為了捍衛自身利益，維護多邊貿易體制和全球自由貿易秩序，中方不得不作出反制，措施是理性、克制的。我們只是為了維護自身正當權益，無意干涉美國內政。

Gao Feng: I believe that the evolution of the trade tension is well known to all. China has all along wanted to maintain the large picture of China-US economic and trade cooperation and doesn’t want a trade war. But the US started and has continuously escalated the trade frictions. In order to defend its own interests and the multilateral trading system and global free trade order, China has to counteract with rational and restrained measures. We are only defending our legitimate interests and have no intention to meddle in US domestic politics.

關于試圖影響美國商界領袖的指責，中國對于美國的企業和企業家始終是歡迎的，我相信他們自有評判。據我們了解，倒是有不少美國商界領袖不贊成對中國產品加征關稅的措施，但因為忌憚美國政府的打壓，現在不敢發聲。我不知道美國政府是不是采取了什么威脅的方式。

As for the accusation about China’s trying to influence US business leaders, China welcomes US companies and business leaders. I believe they have their own judgments. To our understanding, many US business leaders who are against the tariff measures on Chinese goods dare not speak out for fear of punishment by the US government. I don’t know whether the US government has made certain threats.

我想再次重申，中方維護中美經貿關系健康發展的初衷沒有改變，捍衛自身正當權益的決心也不會改變。謝謝!

I want to reiterate that China’s original goal of maintaining the healthy development of Sino-US commercial relations hasn’t changed. Nor will its resolve to safeguard its legitimate rights and interests. Thank you.

中國日報社記者：我們注意到美國領導人在講話中還稱，競爭并不總是意味著敵意，也不是必須的，美方希望與北京建立起建設性的關系，而不是分道揚鑣，盡管中方一直在進一步偏離這一愿景，但依然可以改變路線，希望中方回歸到幾十年前兩國關系建立時的改革開放精神，請問中方對此如何回應?

China Daily: We’ve noted that the US leader also said in the speech that competition doesn’t necessarily mean hostility. The US wishes to establish a constructive relationship with Beijing and doesn’t want a breakup. Though China has been diverging further away from the vision, it can still change path and return to the reform and opening-up spirit of decades ago when the two countries forged diplomatic ties. What’s China’s reaction?

高峰：近期美國領導人和不同層級的官員多次提到中美競爭的問題。作為全球前兩大經濟體，存在一定程度的競爭是正常的。但是，無論是中美建交以來的歷史還是現實都表明，中美之間有著更大的合作需求。建交40年來，中美經貿關系雖然經歷波折，但雙方都能夠通過對話與磋商妥善解決分歧，始終堅持合作共贏的本質，保持前行。

Gao Feng: Recently, US leaders and officials of various levels mentioned China-US competition several times. It is normal for the world’s two largest economies to have a certain degree of competition. That said, both the history since we established diplomatic relations and realities show that China and the US have greater need for cooperation. In the past 40 years since we forged diplomatic ties, despite the ups and downs in bilateral trade and economic ties, China and the US are able to resolve differences through conversations and consultations and keep moving ahead along the line of cooperation and win-win.

在處理此次經貿摩擦的過程中，中方始終采取建設性的態度，是美方出爾反爾，缺乏誠信，采取不斷升級貿易摩擦的舉措，影響中美經貿合作的正常發展。

In dealing with this round of trade and economic frictions, China has stuck to a constructive approach, whereas the US goes back on its words, lacks credit and takes measures to escalate trade frictions, affecting the normal development of China-US trade and economic cooperation.

今年是中國改革開放40周年。我們將繼續堅持對外開放的基本國策，堅持打開國門搞建設，推動中國經濟在開放條件下向高質量發展。希望美方能夠真正采取建設性的舉措，推動中美經貿合作向更高水平發展。謝謝!

This year marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up. We’ll keep the basic state policy of opening up and open door for nation building to push the Chinese economy towards quality development in an open condition. It is hoped that the US can take genuinely constructive measures to promote higher levels of China-US commercial cooperation. Thank you.

中央電視臺中文國際記者：剛剛公布的《關于中美經貿摩擦的事實與中方立場》白皮書中稱，中國愿意在平等、互利的前提下，與美國重啟雙邊貿易協定談判，適時啟動雙邊自貿協定談判，請問發言人這一點是否已經與美方確認，并獲得反饋?

CCTV-4: The just published white paper of Facts and China’s Position on China-US Trade Friction indicates that China would like to restart bilateral trade negotiations with the US on condition of equality and mutual benefit and launch bilateral FTA negotiations at an appropriate time. Have you confirmed with the US and received feedback?

高峰：中方對兩國重啟雙邊投資協定談判、適時啟動雙邊自貿協定談判持開放態度，但遺憾的是，美方一直未展示誠意。希望美方以建設性的態度，本著合作的精神，與中方共同探討推進合作、化解分歧的適當路徑，促進雙邊經貿關系健康穩定發展。謝謝!

Gao Feng: China is open to the relaunch of BIT talks and timely start of bilateral FTA negotiations. But unfortunately, the US is yet to show goodwill. It is hoped that the US will work with China to explore right ways to advance cooperation and resolve differences in a constructive manner and cooperative spirit to promote the healthy and steady development of bilateral trade and economic relations. Thank you.

第一財經日報記者：最近美墨加、美韓自貿協定談判都取得了一些進展，美日談判也有開啟的意向，歐盟提出WTO的改革方案，請問這些文本，中方是否有過研究和分析，這些進展對中國帶來哪些影響?中國將如何應對目前國際經濟和貿易體制的改變跡象。

CBN: Recently, the UMC and Korus FTA negotiations both made progress. US-Japan FTA talks are also showing signs of a start. The EU has tabled a WTO reform proposal. Has China studied and analyzed these texts? How will these developments affect China? How will China deal with the emerging changes in the international economy and trading system?

高峰：我們注意到近期在多雙邊經貿合作機制建設方面，國際上出現了一些新的動向。

Gao Feng: We’ve noted some new developments in the mechanism building of bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.

對于外部環境發生的變化，無論對中國帶來什么影響，最主要的是我們要走好自己的路，做好自己的事，繼續推進供給側結構性改革，不斷優化區域結構、產業結構、產品結構，推動中國經濟向高質量發展。

No matter how changing external environment affects China, the key is to follow our own path and attend our business by continuously advancing supply-side structural reform, optimizing regional, industrial and product structures and push the Chinese economy towards quality development.

同時，中國始終并仍將是國際貿易體制的積極參與者和重要建設者，中方將繼續堅定地支持貿易自由化便利化，堅定地支持多邊貿易體制，與貿易伙伴一道，共同推進全球貿易體制向更加公平合理的方向發展，共同促進全球經濟的增長。謝謝!

At the same time, China has been and will always be an active player and key contributor of the international trading system. China will remain committed to trade liberalization and facilitation and continue to champion the multilateral trading system. We’ll work with our trading partners to jointly steer the global trading system towards more fair and reasonable development for global economic growth. Thank you.

中國國際廣播電臺記者：近期李克強總理將出訪荷蘭，請問發言人能否介紹一下近年來中國與荷蘭的經貿狀況?

CRI: Premier Li Keqiang will soon be visiting the Netherlands. Could you please share some information on China-Netherlands trade and economic ties in recent years?

高峰：近年來，在中國和荷蘭兩國領導人的共同引領之下，中荷關系進入歷史最好時期，“做大做實開放務實的全面合作伙伴關系”成為兩國的共識，引領兩國關系不斷健康穩定發展。

Gao Feng: In recent years, under the guidance of Chinese and Dutch leaders, China-Netherlands relations are now as good as never before. The two sides reached consensus on expanding and strengthening their comprehensive cooperative partnership that features openness and pragmatism, which lends continuous impetus to the sound and stable development of their bilateral relations.

目前，中荷雙邊經貿合作進入“快車道”，合作潛力進一步釋放。一是雙邊貿易保持高位運行。2017年中荷貨物貿易額達到784億美元，創歷史新高，比上年增長了16%。今年1—8月，雙邊貨物貿易額達到547億美元，同比增長13%。目前，荷蘭是我國在歐盟內第二大貿易伙伴，我是荷蘭在歐盟外第二大貿易伙伴。二是雙向投資快速增加，兩國投資合作進入了新的階段。荷蘭是我國在歐盟內重要的外資來源地和直接投資目的地。截至2018年8月，荷蘭在華實際投資金額達到190億美元，截至2017年底，我對荷蘭直接投資存量達到185億美元。雙方在農業、創新、節能環保、高技術等領域有著廣闊的合作前景。

Now, China-Netherlands bilateral trade and economic cooperation has entered the fast track, unlocking new potential for cooperation. First, bilateral trade maintains high-speed growth. In 2017, China-Netherlands trade in goods amounted to US$78.4 billion, up by 16% compared with the previous year, hitting a record high. In the first eight months of this year, bilateral trade in goods reached US$54.7 billion, up by 13% year on year. Now, Netherlands is China’s second largest trading partner in the EU and China is Netherlands’ second largest trading partner outside the EU. Second, two-way investment grows fast. Bilateral investment cooperation has entered a new stage. For China, the Netherlands is an important source of foreign investment and ODI destination in the EU. By August 2018, the Netherlands’ paid-in investment in China reached US$19 billion. By the end of 2017, China’s outstanding direct investment in the Netherlands reached US$18.5 billion. The two countries have a broad prospect for cooperation on agriculture, innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection and high technology, among others.

中方愿意與荷方一道，繼續深化“一帶一路”國際合作，利用中國國際進口博覽會等平臺擴大雙邊貿易，促進相互投資，加強第三方市場合作，特別是深挖高技術貿易領域的合作潛力，推動雙邊經貿合作再上新的臺階。謝謝!

China stands ready to work with the Netherlands to further deepen international cooperation under the Belt and Road initiative. We are ready to make the most of platforms like the China International Import Expo to expand bilateral trade, promote two-way investment, strengthen cooperation in third markets and in particular, dig deep into our cooperation potential in hi-tech trade to bring bilateral commercial cooperation onto a new level. Thank you.

上海證券報記者：我們知道市場采購是貿易新業態的表現形式之一，請問商務部目前市場采購發展的情況如何，未來會不會增加市場采購的試點?

Shanghai Securities News: As we know, mart procurement is a new form of trade. Could you share some information about its development? Will there be more pilot marts in the future?

高峰：經國務院批準，自2013年以來，商務部會同有關部門先后三批在浙江、江蘇、河北等地方的8家市場開展市場采購貿易方式試點，在業務流程、監管方式、信息化建設等方面先行先試，實現了增值稅免征不退、簡化歸類申報等四方面政策突破，明確了“一劃定、三備案、一聯網”的管理機制，建立了“信息共享、部門聯動、風險可控、源頭可溯”的商品認定體系和知識產權保護體系，基本實現了“源頭可溯、責任可究、風險可控”的管理目標。實踐證明，市場采購貿易方式試點激發了市場主體活力，擴大了市場規模，提升了國際化水平，推動了外貿增長，取得了積極成效。根據中國海關統計，2017年和今年的前8個月，全國市場采購貿易出口額分別同比增長54.2%、71%，明顯高于同期全國的總體出口增速。

Gao Feng: As approved by the State Council, MOFCOM, together with related departments, has carried out 3 batches of pilot mart procurement projects at eight marts in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hebei and other provinces since 2013. We have been exploring and trying out new approaches in terms of administrative procedures, regulation methods and IT application. We have made policy breakthroughs in four aspects, including VAT exemption and simplified and classified customs declaration. We have set up an administrative mechanism, which designates the area of a pilot mart, requires the record filing of suppliers, purchasers and foreign trade businesses and provides a platform for information sharing. We have put in place a commodity recognition system and an IPR protection system that feature information sharing, departmental coordination, risks control and product traceability, basically realizing the administrative goal of source traceability, accountability and risks control. It is proved that pilot mart procurement projects have tapped into market entities’ vitality, expanded market scale, improved the internationalization level, promoted foreign trade growth and made satisfactory progress. According to China’s customs statistics, nationwide export through mart procurement trade in 2017 and the first eight months of 2018 grew by 54.2% and 71% year on year, respectively, remarkably higher than China’s overall export growth rate in the same time period.

今年9月28日，商務部會同有關部門在浙江、福建、湖南、廣東、四川等地的六家市場開展第四批的市場采購貿易方式試點。下一步，商務部等7個部門將繼續抓緊推進試點工作，通過制度創新、管理創新、服務創新和協同發展，進一步形成可復制、可推廣的經驗，促進我國外貿的創新發展。謝謝!

On September 28, 2018, MOFCOM, together with related departments, implemented the fourth batches of pilot mart procurement projects at six marts in Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Sichuan and other provinces. Going forward, MOFCOM and six other departments will further step up the implementation, develop more replicable practices through institutional, administrative and services innovation as well as coordinated development to promote the innovative development of China’s foreign trade. Thank you.

經濟參考報記者：我們知道第124屆廣交會即將在廣州開幕，請問發言人能否介紹一下相關的情況。

Economic Information Daily: The 124th session of the Canton Fair will soon be held in Guangzhou. Could you please tell us something about it?

高峰：今年是我國改革開放40周年。作為對外開放的重要窗口，61年來，廣交會服務國家改革開放和社會主義現代化建設，堅持服務國內外企業，為我國的對外開放和經濟社會發展發揮了積極的作用。

Gao Feng: This year marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up. As an important window for opening up, during the past 61 years, the Canton Fair has contributed to China’s reform and opening up, its socialist modernization drive and the development of Chinese and foreign businesses and played a positive role in China’s reform and opening up as well as its economic and social development.

第124屆廣交會即將于10月15日開幕。本屆廣交會繼續創新辦會，提升專業化、國際化、市場化和信息化水平，堅持扶優扶強，支持企業開拓多元化市場，展覽面積達到118.5萬平米，展位總數60645個，境內外參展企業超過25000家，主要有以下幾個特點：

The 124th session of the Canton Fair will be opened on October 15. This year’s session will be innovative as always. It will be more professional, internationalized and market-oriented and go further in IT application. We will support businesses, in particular competitive ones, in exploring a more diversified market. The Fair will cover an area as big as 1.185 million square meters and provide 60,645 exhibition booths. Over 25,000 businesses from home and abroad will participate in the Fair. There are several highlights:

一是專業化水平進一步提高。品牌展位進一步增加，較上一次品牌展位評審增長了3.2%，企業達到2297家;結構繼續優化，既保留了一批發展穩定、實力較強的老品牌企業，又吸納了一批新興企業，品牌企業的示范作用進一步增強。

First, the Fair will be more professional. 2,297 businesses will exhibit their products in the brand name areas, up by 3.2% compared with the figure of the last brand name booth review. The structure will be further optimized. This year’s session will be participated by both competitive traditional brands that enjoy stable development and a batch of emerging businesses. We will see better role models in these businesses.

二是展區的結構進一步優化。擴大了家電、餐廚、家居等展區，設置多功能的展覽現場活動區域，在各展區深入推進展品的專業化分區。

Second, structure of the exhibition area will be further optimized. We have expanded the area for home appliances, kitchenware and tableware, as well as household items. We will set a multifunctional area for onsite activities and further classify products in different areas.

三是繼續提升多功能綜合平臺作用。通過智慧廣交會的建設，打造智慧服務、預展平臺、供采對接、廣交會認證、企業推廣、智慧商旅六大核心業務模式，全面提升全渠道、一站式、線上線下同步服務的水平。為展客商提供涵蓋展前、展中、展后的智能化、全天候的外貿促進平臺。

Third, we continue to enhance the Fair’s role as a comprehensive multifunctional platform. With our plan to hold a smart Canton Fair, we will provide six major services, including smart services, pre-exhibition platforms, suppliers-purchasers matchmaking, Canton Fair recognition, brand promotion and smart business travelling. We will improve our all-channel, one-stop, synchronized online and offline services. We will provide exhibitors and purchasers with a smart, all-weather foreign trade-promotion platform before, during and after the Fair.

四是論壇的功能進一步加強。本屆廣交會將舉辦20場高品質會議論壇，比如將在第一期舉辦廣交會國際貿易發展論壇，第三期舉辦中國對外貿易形勢報告(2018年秋季)解讀發布會等等，為展客商提供更多的思想交流平臺。謝謝!

Fourth, we will strengthen the function of forums. This year, we will hold 20 high-quality meetings and forums, such as the Canton Fair International Development Forum in Phase 1 and a press conference to interpret the Report on China’s Foreign Trade (Autumn 2018) in Phase 3. We wish to provide exhibitors and purchasers with more platforms for exchanges. Thank you.

今天的發布會到此結束。謝謝大家!

This is the end of today’s press conference. Thank you.

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